Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 64, Shloka 6

अङ्गद

प्रत्यागमनम् — Angada’s Return and the Confirmation of Sītā’s Discovery

Devanagari script

सौम्य रोषो न कर्तव्यो यदेतत्परिवारितम्।अज्ञानाद्रक्षिभिः क्रोधाद्भवन्तः प्रतिषेधिताः।।।।

Transliteration

saumya roṣo na kartavyo yad etat parivāritam |

ajñānād rakṣibhiḥ krodhād bhavantaḥ pratiṣedhitāḥ ||

Translation

โอ้ท่านผู้สุภาพ อย่าทรงปล่อยให้โทสะเกิดเพราะการขัดขวางนี้เลย เหล่าทหารยามด้วยความไม่รู้และด้วยความโกรธพลัน จึงได้ห้ามปรามพวกท่าน

Word by Word

• सौम्य: O gentle one
• सौम्य: सम्बोधन (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सौम्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन; vocative singular

• रोषः: anger
• रोषः: कर्ता (कर्तृकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• न: not
• न: सम्बन्ध (निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेधार्थक (negation particle)

• कर्तव्यः: to be done / should be made
• कर्तव्यः: विधेय (कर्तव्यता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृ (धातु) + तव्यत् (कृदन्त)
• Form: भावे/कर्मणि विधेयार्थक कृदन्त (तव्यत्), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; gerundive/obligatory

• यत्: since/that
• यत्: सम्बन्ध (यत्-तत्)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सम्बन्धबोधक अव्यय (relative particle)

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: कर्ता (कर्तृकारक)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; demonstrative (here: subject of parivāritam)

• परिवारितम्: has been prevented/blocked
• परिवारितम्: विधेय (कर्तृ-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परि + वृत्/वृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; past passive participle

• अज्ञानात्: from ignorance
• अज्ञानात्: हेतु (हेतुकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अज्ञान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन; ablative singular (cause)

• रक्षिभिः: by the guards
• रक्षिभिः: कर्ता (कर्तृकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रक्षिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; instrumental plural

• क्रोधात्: from anger
• क्रोधात्: हेतु (हेतुकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रोध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन; ablative singular (cause)

• भवन्तः: you (hon.)
• भवन्तः: कर्म (कर्मकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भवत् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; honorific 2nd person pronoun

• प्रतिषेधिताः: were obstructed
• प्रतिषेधिताः: विधेय (कर्म-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रति + सिध्/षिध् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; past passive participle

Context

"O handsome one, do not react harshly at these guards who have obstructed your companions out of ignorance and fury.

Characters & Entities

• Aṅgada
• Guards (rakṣiṇaḥ)
• Dadhimukha (speaker, contextual)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Kṣamā and restraint: dharma advises controlling anger, recognizing that others may act wrongly out of ignorance and agitation.

What is the narrative situation?

After a confrontation with guards, Dadhimukha counsels Aṅgada not to be enraged at the obstruction.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Forbearance and wise judgment—responding with calm understanding rather than retaliatory anger.