Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 47, Shloka 28

अक्षवधः (The Slaying of Prince Aksha)

Sundarakāṇḍa Sarga 47

Devanagari script

पराक्रमोत्साहविवृद्धमानस स्समीक्षते मां प्रमुखाग्रतःस्थितः।पराक्रमो ह्यस्य मनांसि कम्पयेत्सुरासुराणामपि शीघ्रगामिनः।।5.47.28।।

Transliteration

parākramotsāhavivṛddhamānasaḥ samīkṣate māṃ pramukhāgrataḥ sthitaḥ |

parākramo hy asya manāṃsi kampayet surāsurāṇām api śīghragāminaḥ ||5.47.28||

Translation

จิตของเขาเติบโตด้วยความกล้าและแรงฮึกเหิม; ยืนประจันหน้าอยู่เบื้องหน้าข้า เขาจ้องมองข้า. แท้จริง อานุภาพแห่งวีรกรรมของนักรบผู้ว่องไวผู้นี้ อาจทำให้ดวงใจแม้ของเทวะและอสูรสั่นสะท้านได้

Word by Word

• पराक्रमोत्साहविवृद्धमानसः: (he) whose mind is enlarged by valor and zeal
• पराक्रमोत्साहविवृद्धमानसः: कर्ता (agent/subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पराक्रम (प्रातिपदिक) + उत्साह (प्रातिपदिक) + विवृद्ध (वि+वृध् धातु, क्त-प्रत्यय; कृदन्त) + मानस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (masculine, nominative singular); समासः: पराक्रम-उत्साह- (षष्ठी/तत्पुरुष-सम्बन्धः) + विवृद्ध-मानस (कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-भावः) समुच्चितः

• समीक्षते: looks at / observes
• समीक्षते: क्रिया (action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्+ईक्ष् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकारः (present), आत्मनेपदम्, प्रथम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम् (3rd person singular, middle)

• माम्: me
• माम्: कर्म (object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (pronoun, accusative singular)

• प्रमुखाग्रतःस्थितः: standing in front, facing (me)
• प्रमुखाग्रतःस्थितः: कर्ता (agent/subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रमुख (प्रातिपदिक) + अग्रतः (अव्यय) + स्थित (स्था धातु, क्त-प्रत्यय; कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (masculine, nominative singular); समासः: प्रमुख-अग्रतः (अव्ययीभाव/तत्पुरुष-भावः ‘in front’) + स्थितः (कृदन्त-विशेषण)

• पराक्रमः: valor / prowess
• पराक्रमः: कर्ता (agent/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पराक्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (masculine, nominative singular)

• हि: indeed
• हि: सम्बन्ध/वाक्य-समर्थक (discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपातः (particle), अव्ययम्; अर्थः: ‘indeed/for’

• अस्य: of him / his
• अस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, षष्ठी-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (pronoun, genitive singular)

• मनांसि: minds
• मनांसि: कर्म (object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम् (neuter, nominative/accusative plural)

• कम्पयेत्: would shake / could make tremble
• कम्पयेत्: क्रिया (action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कम्प् (धातु) + णिच् (causative)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम् (3rd person singular); णिजन्त-धातु: कम्पयति

• सुरासुराणाम्: of the gods and demons
• सुरासुराणाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुर (प्रातिपदिक) + असुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, षष्ठी-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम् (masculine, genitive plural); द्वन्द्व-समासः: सुर + असुर

• अपि: even / also
• अपि: सम्बन्ध/वाक्य-समर्थक (discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपातः (particle), अव्ययम्; अर्थः: ‘also/even’

• शीघ्रगामिनः: of the swift-moving one (swift warrior)
• शीघ्रगामिनः: सम्बन्ध (genitive/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शीघ्र (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + गामिन् (गम् धातु, इनि-प्रत्यय; कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, षष्ठी-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (masculine, genitive singular); समासः: शीघ्र-गामिन् (कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष: ‘swift-going’)

Context

'His mental horizon is enhanced by his valour and power. He is standing before me and dares to look into my eyes. Surely his swift movement and valour will shake even the minds of suras and asuras.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Sura (Devas)
• Asura

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes truthful discernment: recognizing strength and virtue as they are, without self-deception. Honest appraisal is a prerequisite for responsible action.

What is the narrative situation?

Akṣa observes Hanumān’s fearless stance and concludes that Hanumān’s speed and valor are formidable—enough to unsettle even celestial and demonic beings.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Fearlessness and confidence rooted in capability—Hanumān’s steady, unflinching presence before an enemy.