Shloka 49

सीताविलापः

Sita’s Lament and Prophecy of Lanka’s Ruin

Devanagari script

धन्याः खलु महात्मानो मुनयस्त्यक्तकिल्बिषाः।।।।जितात्मनो महाभागा येषां न स्तः प्रियाप्रिये।

Transliteration

dhanyāḥ khalu mahātmāno munayas tyaktakilbiṣāḥ | jitātmano mahābhāgā yeṣāṃ na staḥ priyāpriye ||

Translation

น่าอนุโมทนายิ่งนักคือเหล่ามุนีมหาตมะ ผู้ละบาปมลทินแล้ว—ผู้ชนะตน มีบุญวาสนา—สำหรับท่านทั้งหลาย ‘ที่รัก’ และ ‘ที่ไม่รัก’ ย่อมไม่มีอยู่

Word by Word

• धन्याः: blessed
• धन्याः: Karta (कर्ता/subject; predicative adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dhanya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• खलु: surely
• खलु: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: khalu (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चयार्थक-अव्यय (indeed/surely)

• महात्मानः: great-souled ones
• महात्मानः: Karta (कर्ता/subject; apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-स्वरूप (महान् आत्मा यस्य); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• मुनयः: sages
• मुनयः: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: muni (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• त्यक्त-किल्बिषाः: having abandoned sin
• त्यक्त-किल्बिषाः: Karta (कर्ता/subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tyakta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + kilbiṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष: 'किल्बिषं त्यक्तवन्तः'; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; मुनयः इति विशेषणम्

• जित-आत्मनः: self-controlled
• जित-आत्मनः: Karta (कर्ता/subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: jita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष: 'आत्मानं जितवन्तः' (self-controlled); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; मुनयः इति विशेषणम्

• महाभागाः: highly fortunate
• महाभागाः: Karta (कर्ता/subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + bhāga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय: 'महान् भागः/भाग्यं यस्य'; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; मुनयः इति विशेषणम्

• येषाम्: of whom
• येषाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/genitive: 'of whom')
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; सम्बन्धवाचक (relative)

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय

• स्तः: are
• स्तः: Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: as (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, द्विवचन; 'are (two)'

• प्रिय-अप्रियॆ: the pleasant and the unpleasant
• प्रिय-अप्रियॆ: Karta (कर्ता/subject of 'staḥ')
• Type: Noun
• Root: priya (प्रातिपदिक) + apriya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व: 'प्रियं च अप्रियं च'; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; स्तः इति कर्तृपदम्

Context

"Blessed are the exhalted sages who have not committed any sin. They have self-control and have subdued their senses. There is no pleasure or displeasure for them.

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• Munis (sages)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It praises equanimity (samatva): freedom from attachment and aversion is presented as a dharmic achievement grounded in purity and self-mastery.

What is the narrative situation?

Sītā compares her own turbulence of feeling with the sages’ steadiness, admiring their freedom from emotional extremes.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Self-control (jitātmatā) and moral purity (tyaktakilbiṣa) as the foundation of inner peace.