Shloka 18

उद्योगप्रवर्तनम्

Mobilization and Counsel on Kingship

Devanagari script

पादयोः पतितं मूर्ध्ना तमुत्थाप्य हरीश्वरम्।।4.38.18।।प्रेम्णा च बहुमानाच्च राघवः परिषस्वजे।

Transliteration

pādayoḥ patitaṃ mūrdhnā tam utthāpya harīśvaram | premṇā ca bahumānāc ca rāghavaḥ pariṣasvaje ||

Translation

เมื่อสุครีพ ผู้เป็นจอมแห่งวานร ก้มเศียรลงกราบแทบพระบาท พระราฆวะก็ทรงพยุงให้ลุกขึ้น แล้วทรงโอบกอดด้วยความรักและความเคารพยิ่ง

Word by Word

• पादयोः: at (his) two feet
• पादयोः: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive) वा सप्तमी (7th/Locative), द्विवचनम्; अत्र अधिकरणार्थे (at the feet)

• पतितम्: fallen/prostrated
• पतितम्: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पत् (धातु) → पतित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्गः, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचनम्; (तम्) विशेषणम्

• मूर्ध्ना: with (his) head
• मूर्ध्ना: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूर्धन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचनम्

• तम्: him
• तम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचनम्; सर्वनाम

• उत्थाप्य: having raised (him) up
• उत्थाप्य: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उद्-√स्था (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभावः

• हरीश्वरम्: the lord of monkeys (Sugriva)
• हरीश्वरम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरीश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचनम्; तत्पुरुषः (हरिणाम् ईश्वरः = lord of monkeys)

• प्रेम्णा: with love
• प्रेम्णा: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रेमन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचनम्

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्ययम्

• बहुमानात्: out of respect
• बहुमानात्: हेतु (Hetu/Cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बहुमान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचनम्; हेत्वर्थे (because of, out of)

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्ययम्

• राघवः: Raghava (Rama)
• राघवः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राघव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचनम्

• परिषस्वजे: embraced
• परिषस्वजे: क्रिया (Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-√स्वज् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकारः (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd person), एकवचनम्; आत्मनेपदम्

Context

Sugriva touched Rama's feet, bending his head down, and Rama lifted him up and embraced him with love and great regard.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma (Rāghava)
• Sugrīva (Harīśvara)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is mutual honor in righteous friendship: Sugrīva shows reverence, and Rāma responds with compassionate equality—lifting him and embracing him—strengthening a truthful alliance.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugrīva bows at Rāma’s feet; Rāma raises him and embraces him warmly.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s compassion and nobility—he converts a hierarchical gesture into affectionate solidarity.