Shloka 21

किष्किन्धाकाण्डे द्वात्रिंशः सर्गः

Lakshmana’s Anger Reported; Hanuman Advises Propitiation and Timely Mobilization

Devanagari script

तस्य मूर्ध्ना प्रणम्य त्वं सपुत्रस्ससुहृज्जनः।राजंस्तिष्ठस्व समये भर्तुर्भार्येव तद्वशः।।

Transliteration

tasya mūrdhnā praṇamya tvaṃ sa-putraḥ sa-suhṛj-janaḥ | rājan tiṣṭhasva samaye bhartur bhāryeva tad-vaśaḥ ||

Translation

ข้าแต่มหาราช จงก้มเศียรนอบน้อมต่อท่านผู้นั้น พร้อมด้วยโอรสและมิตรสหายของท่าน แล้วจงตั้งมั่นในคำสัตย์ตามกาลเวลา ยอมอยู่ในอำนาจนั้นดุจภรรยานอบน้อมต่อสิทธิอันชอบธรรมของสามี

Word by Word

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• मूर्ध्ना: with (your) head
• मूर्ध्ना: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mūrdhan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• प्रणम्य: having bowed
• प्रणम्य: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-nam (धातु)
• Form: ल्यप्/क्त्वा-अर्थक अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund)

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yuzmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सपुत्रः: together with (your) son
• सपुत्रः: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa (प्रातिपदिक) + putra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास (saha-artha): पुत्रेण सह; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'त्वम्' इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• ससुहृज्जनः: together with friends and followers
• ससुहृज्जनः: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa (प्रातिपदिक) + suhṛt (प्रातिपदिक) + jana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास (saha-artha): सुहृद्भिः जनेन च सह; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'त्वम्' इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• राजन्: O king
• राजन्: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, संबोधन, एकवचन

• तिष्ठस्व: stand/remain
• तिष्ठस्व: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sthā (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), आत्मनेपद; मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन

• समये: in the agreement/oath
• समये: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: samaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• भर्तुः: of the husband/lord
• भर्तुः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhartṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• भार्या: wife
• भार्या: Upamāna (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhāryā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• इव: like
• इव: Upamā (उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा-वाचक अव्यय (comparative particle)

• तद्वशः: submissive to him
• तद्वशः: Vidheyaviśeṣaṇa (विधेयविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + vaśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष: तस्य वशः (under his control); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'त्वम्' इत्यस्य विधेय-विशेषणम्

Context

'Therefore, I am apprehensive of Rama. I am not able to repay the help he has rendered to me'.

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Satya as dharma: uphold one’s pledged word (samaya). Humility and visible respect help restore moral order when a promise is at stake.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān instructs Sugrīva to pacify Rāma/Lakṣmaṇa by bowing and recommitting to the alliance and its promised duties.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Fidelity to promises and disciplined submission to righteous obligation.