Shloka 69

शरत्प्रवेशे रामविलापः तथा सुग्रीवप्रमादे लक्ष्मणप्रेषणम्

Autumn’s Onset: Rama’s Lament and Lakshmana Sent to Sugriva

Devanagari script

स कालं परिसङ्ख्याय सीतायाः परिमार्गणे।कृतार्थस्समयं कृत्वा दुर्मतिर्नावबुध्यते।।

Transliteration

sa kālaṃ parisaṅkhyāya sītāyāḥ parimārgaṇe | kṛtārthaḥ samayaṃ kṛtvā durmatir nāvabudhyate ||

Translation

คนใจชั่วผู้นั้น เมื่อคำนวณกาลเวลาเรื่องการสืบหานางสีดาแล้ว ครั้นตนได้สมประโยชน์ตามที่ต้องการ ก็หาได้ตระหนักไม่ว่า เวลาตามสัญญาเพื่อค้นหานางสีดานั้นมาถึงและยิ่งเร่งรัดแล้ว

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• कालम्: time
• कालम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• परिसङ्ख्याय: having calculated/considered
• परिसङ्ख्याय: Kriya (क्रिया-पूर्वक)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-सम्-ख्या (धातु) + क्त्वा/ल्यप् (कृदन्त)
• Form: ल्यप्/क्त्वान्त (Gerund), पूर्वकालिक क्रिया; ‘कालम्’ इत्यस्य सह (having counted/considered)

• सीतायाः: of Sita
• सीतायाः: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सीता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• परिमार्गणे: in the search
• परिमार्गणे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परि-मार्गण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• कृतार्थः: having achieved his purpose
• कृतार्थः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत (कृ धातु + क्त) + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (कृतः अर्थः यस्य), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘सः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• समयम्: agreement / promise
• समयम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: समय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• कृत्वा: having made
• कृत्वा: Kriya (क्रिया-पूर्वक)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) + क्त्वा (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Gerund), पूर्वकालिक क्रिया (having made)

• दुर्मतिः: the evil-minded one
• दुर्मतिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्मति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास (दुर् + मति), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘सः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणरूपेण

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)

• अवबुध्यते: realizes / understands
• अवबुध्यते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव-बुध् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

Context

'O gentle one although I am a vanquisher of foes, this evilminded king of monkeys is slighting me because I am away from home, I have lost my kingdom, I am outraged by Ravana, I am miserable and lovesick and I have sought his help.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Sugrīva
• Sītā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Satya as lived ethics: a promise (samaya) binds especially when time is specified; benefiting from another and then neglecting one’s pledge is adharma.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma notes that Sugrīva, now secure in his kingship, is letting the agreed deadline for Sītā’s search slip by.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s insistence on integrity in alliances—duty must continue after one’s personal goals are met.