Shloka 10

ताराशोकविनोदनम्

Consolation of Tara and Counsel on Succession

Devanagari script

सन्ततिश्च यथा दृष्टा कृत्यं यच्चापि साम्प्रतम्।राज्ञस्तत्क्रियतां सर्वमेष कालस्य निश्चयः4.21.10।।

Transliteration

santatiś ca yathā dṛṣṭā kṛtyaṁ yac cāpi sāmpratam | rājñas tat kriyatāṁ sarvam eṣa kālasya niścayaḥ || 4.21.10 ||

Translation

“เมื่อพิจารณาผู้สืบราชสันตติวงศ์และกิจที่พึงทำในบัดนี้แล้ว จงจัดการทุกสิ่งที่จำเป็นสำหรับพระราชาเถิด—นี่คือคำตัดสินของกาลเวลา”

Word by Word

• santatiḥ: offspring / succession
• santatiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: santati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक

• yathā: as (it has been)
• yathā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकार/उपमानवाचक (as/just as; ‘in the manner that’)

• dṛṣṭā: has been seen/settled
• dṛṣṭā: Kriyā (क्रिया; predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛṣṭa (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; √dṛś धातु)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle)

• kṛtyam: what should be done
• kṛtyam: Karma (कर्म; with kriyatām)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kṛtya (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; √kṛ धातु)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; कृत्य (duty/what is to be done)

• yat: whatever
• yat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक (‘whatever’)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक

• api: also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अपि-निपात (also/even)

• sāmpratam: presently
• sāmpratam: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sāmprata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत् प्रयोग (adverbial accusative: ‘at present/now’)

• rājñaḥ: of the king
• rājñaḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive, 6th), एकवचन

• tat: that
• tat: Karma (कर्म; with kriyatām)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम (‘that’)

• kriyatām: let it be done
• kriyatām: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kṛ (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), कर्मणि-प्रयोग (Passive), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• sarvam: all (of it)
• sarvam: Karma (कर्म; with kriyatām)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• eṣaḥ: this
• eṣaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• kālasya: of time / of the situation
• kālasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• niścayaḥ: decision / determination
• niścayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता; predicate nominal)
• Type: Noun
• Root: niścaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Tārā
• the king (Vāli, implied)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as timely duty (kāla-dharma): even amid sorrow, one must ensure rightful succession and perform the necessary rites and responsibilities for the deceased ruler.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān urges Tārā to move from grief to immediate responsibilities—arrangements concerning the king and the continuity of governance.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Practical wisdom and duty-orientation—Hanumān channels emotion toward necessary action grounded in dharma.