Shloka 65

दुन्दुभिवधप्रसङ्गः

The Dundubhi Episode and the Proof of Rama’s Prowess

Devanagari script

तस्याप्रवेशं ज्ञात्वाऽहमिदं राम महावनम्।विचरामि सहामात्यो विषादेन विवर्जितः4.11.65।।

Transliteration

tasyāpraveśaṃ jñātvā ’ham idaṃ rāma mahāvanam | vicarāmi sahāmātyo viṣādena vivarjitaḥ || 4.11.65 ||

Translation

ครั้นข้าพเจ้ารู้แล้วว่าเขาถูกกีดกันมิให้เข้าไปได้ โอ้พระราม ข้าพเจ้าจึงเที่ยวไปในมหาพนานี้พร้อมด้วยสหายและเสนาบดี ปราศจากความโศกและความกังวล

Word by Word

• तस्य: of him / his
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे/नपुंसकलिङ्गे, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन; सर्वनाम-रूप (genitive singular)

• अप्रवेशम्: non-entry / prohibition of entry
• अप्रवेशम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अ-प्रवेश (प्रातिपदिक; प्रवेश from √विश् (धातु) + घञ्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; नञ्-पूर्वक (negative)

• ज्ञात्वा: having known
• ज्ञात्वा: पूर्वकाल (Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa/Adverbial prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ज्ञा (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; ‘having known’

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier)

• राम: O Rama
• राम: सम्बोधन (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन

• महावनम्: great forest
• महावनम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा + वन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; कर्मधारय-समास (महच्च तत् वनम्)

• विचरामि: I roam / wander
• विचरामि: क्रिया (Main action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + √चर् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present/लट्), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• सह: with
• सह: सहकारक (Sahārtha/Accompaniment)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उपसर्गसदृश-निपात (prepositional indeclinable) ‘with’

• अमात्यः: minister
• अमात्यः: सहकारी (Associate/Accompanier)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमात्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; ‘सह’ इत्यस्य योगे सहार्थे (intended accompaniment)

• विषादेन: with dejection / by sorrow
• विषादेन: करण/हेतु (Karaṇa/Instrument or cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विषाद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; हेतौ/करणे (by/with, cause/instrument)

• विवर्जितः: devoid of / free from
• विवर्जितः: कर्ता-विशेषण (Predicate adjective of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि + √वृज्/√वर्ज् (धातु) + क्त (past passive participle)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifies अहम्)

Context

'O Rama! aware of the prohibition of Vali from entering the place, I roam about this great forest accompanied by my ministers without any apprehension.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Sugrīva
• Vāli (implied by tasya)
• mahāvana (great forest)
• Ṛśyamūka (implied by the prohibition)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma creates legitimate refuge: when a boundary is established by rightful authority, it protects the vulnerable and restores order against oppression.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugriva tells Rama that because Vali cannot enter that area, Sugriva can move about there safely with his attendants.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Prudence and strategic restraint—Sugriva survives not by force but by understanding and staying within a protected moral boundary.