Shloka 34

सुग्रीवस्य वैरानुकथनम्

Sugriva’s Account of Enmity and Appeal to Rama

Devanagari script

आत्मानुमानात्पश्यामि मग्नं त्वां शोकसागरे।त्वामहं तारयिष्यामि कामं प्राप्स्यसि पुष्कलम्।।

Transliteration

ātmānumānāt paśyāmi magnaṃ tvāṃ śokasāgare | tvām ahaṃ tārayiṣyāmi kāmaṃ prāpsyasi puṣkalam ||

Translation

ด้วยการเทียบจากประสบการณ์ของเราเอง เราเห็นท่านจมอยู่ในมหาสมุทรแห่งความโศก เราจักพาท่านข้ามพ้นไป—ท่านจักบรรลุสิ่งที่ปรารถนาอย่างบริบูรณ์

Word by Word

• ātmānumānāt: from self-inference/understanding
• ātmānumānāt: Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ātma+anumāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular; Tatpuruṣa: ātma (self) + anumāna (inference/understanding)

• paśyāmi: I see
• paśyāmi: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: paś (पश् धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), 1st person, Singular, Parasmaipada

• magnam: immersed
• magnam: Karma (कर्म/Qualifier of tvām)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: magna (प्रातिपदिक; PPP of majj)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular; Past participle sense ‘immersed’

• tvām: you
• tvām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (युष्मद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Accusative, Singular

• śoka-sāgare: in the ocean of sorrow
• śoka-sāgare: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śoka+sāgara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; Tatpuruṣa: ‘ocean of sorrow’

• tvām: you
• tvām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (युष्मद्)
• Form: Pronoun, Accusative, Singular

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (अस्मद्)
• Form: Pronoun, Nominative, Singular

• tārayiṣyāmi: I will help (you) cross/save
• tārayiṣyāmi: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: tṝ (तॄ धातु; causative √tṝ→tārayati)
• Form: Future (लृट्), 1st person, Singular, Parasmaipada; Causative (णिच्) sense ‘cause to cross’

• kāmam: surely/fully
• kāmam: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Adverbial accusative used as indeclinable (कामम् = ‘indeed/at will/fully’)

• prāpsyasi: you will obtain
• prāpsyasi: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: āp (आप् धातु; with preverb pra-)
• Form: Future (लृट्), 2nd person, Singular, Parasmaipada

• puṣkalam: abundantly/fully
• puṣkalam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: puṣkala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular; used adverbially/object of prāpsyasi

Context

'Inferring from my own experience, I see that you are immersed in an ocean of sorrow.I will help you cross over and fulfil your desire.'

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Sugrīva

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is compassionate solidarity: one who knows suffering should help others overcome it, turning empathy into righteous action.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma responds to Sugrīva’s plight by empathizing through his own sorrow and promising effective help.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Karunā (compassion) joined with steadfastness: Rāma not only understands grief but commits to remedy it.