Shloka 16

पम्पा

तीर-वर्णनम् / Rama’s Lament at Pampa and the Approach to Rishyamuka

Devanagari script

तेन विक्षिपताऽत्यर्थं पवनेन समन्ततः।अमी संसक्तशाखाग्रा ग्रथिता इव पादपाः।।।।

Transliteration

tēna vikṣipatā ’tyarthaṃ pavanēna samantataḥ | amī saṃsaktaśākhāgrā grathitā iva pādapāḥ ||

Translation

เมื่อถูกลมนั้นพัดสั่นอย่างแรงรอบด้าน ต้นไม้เหล่านี้ซึ่งปลายกิ่งเกี่ยวร้อยประสานกัน ก็แลดูราวกับถูกถักทอรวมเป็นผืนเดียว

Word by Word

• तेन: by that
• तेन: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; 'by that (wind)'

• विक्षिपता: shaking
• विक्षिपता: विशेषण (Adjectival/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि-क्षिप् (धातु) → विक्षिपत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; agrees with पवनेन; 'by the shaking (one)'

• अत्यर्थम्: excessively
• अत्यर्थम्: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अत्यर्थ (अव्ययीभाव/अव्यय-प्रयोग)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय; 'excessively/very strongly'

• पवनेन: by the wind
• पवनेन: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पवन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; 'by the wind'

• समन्ततः: all around
• समन्ततः: देशाधिकरण (Locative sense/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: समन्ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय; 'on all sides'

• अमी: these
• अमी: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; 'these (yonder)'

• संसक्त-शाखा-अग्राः: with interlocked branch-tops
• संसक्त-शाखा-अग्राः: विशेषण (Adjectival/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: संसक्त (प्रातिपदिक) + शाखा (प्रातिपदिक) + अग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; बहुव्रीहि-समास (संसक्तानि शाखाग्राणि येषाम्); qualifies पादपाः; 'whose branch-tops are interlinked'

• ग्रथिताः: knit together
• ग्रथिताः: विशेषण (Predicate/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ग्रथ् (धातु) → ग्रथित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त/PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; predicate adjective to पादपाः; 'knitted/braided'

• इव: as if
• इव: सम्बन्ध/उपमान (Comparison/उपमान)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमानवाचक-अव्यय; 'as if'

• पादपाः: trees
• पादपाः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पादप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; 'trees'

Context

'Shaken by the strong wind all over, the tops of trees look as if they are knitted together.

Characters & Entities

• pavana (wind)
• pādapa (trees)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

A dharmic reading sees harmony and order even in force: the wind’s power does not merely destroy; it creates patterns of union—suggesting disciplined strength guided toward coherence rather than chaos.

What is the narrative situation?

Rama points out how the strong wind makes the treetops intertwine, continuing his contemplation of spring’s effects in the forest.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Attentiveness and discernment (viveka): Rama observes subtle order in nature while moving through a difficult personal phase.