Valmiki Ramayana 1.77.22: Bala Kanda, Sarga 77, Shloka 22

सप्तसप्ततितमः सर्गः

Ayodhya Return, Bridal Reception, and Bharata’s Departure

Devanagari script

आपृच्छ्य पितरं शूरो रामं चाक्लिष्टकारिणम्।मातृश्चापि नरश्रेष्ठ श्शत्रुघ्नसहितो ययौ।।1.77.22।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 1.77.22

Transliteration

āpṛcchya pitaraṃ śūro rāmaṃ cākliṣṭakāriṇam |

mātṝś cāpi naraśreṣṭha śatrughnasahito yayau || 1.77.22 ||

Translation

ภรตะผู้กล้าหาญ ผู้ประเสริฐในหมู่มนุษย์ ครั้นลาพระบิดา และพระรามผู้ไม่ย่อท้อในการงาน ตลอดจนพระมารดาทั้งหลายแล้ว ก็ออกเดินทางไปพร้อมพระศัตรุฆนะ

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Word by Word

• gate: when (he) had gone
• gate: Kāla (काल; locative absolute)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gam (धातु) > gata (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Kṛdanta; locative absolute (सप्तमी-सम्बन्ध/locative absolute): Neuter/Masculine Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular; with 'bharate'

• tu: then/indeed
• tu: Particle (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; particle

• bharate: when Bharata (had gone)
• bharate: Kāla (काल; locative absolute)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular; in locative absolute with 'gate'

• rāmaḥ: Rāma
• rāmaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular

• lakṣmaṇaḥ: Lakṣmaṇa
• lakṣmaṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता; co-subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; conjunction

• mahābalaḥ: mighty
• mahābalaḥ: Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + bala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Karmadhāraya: 'great' + 'strength'; Masculine, Nominative, Singular; epithet (likely of Lakṣmaṇa)

• pitaram: their father
• pitaram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• deva-saṃkāśam: godlike
• deva-saṃkāśam: Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃkāśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (उपमान-तत्पुरुष: 'like a god'); Masculine, Accusative, Singular; qualifies pitaram

• pūjayāmāsatuḥ: the two worshipped/served
• pūjayāmāsatuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pūj (धातु)
• Form: Periphrastic perfect (लिट्/परस्मैपद, periphrastic: -āmāsa); 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Dual (द्विवचन)

• tadā: then
• tadā: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; temporal adverb

Context

Having heard the words of Dasaratha, Bharata, son of Kaikeyi paid obeisance to his father and Rama, embraced Lakshmana and prepared for the journey with Satrughna.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Daśaratha
• Rāma
• mothers (Kaikeyī, Kauśalyā, Sumitrā implied)
• Śatrughna

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Seeking consent and blessing before departure reflects family-dharma and respect for elders, ensuring actions remain within righteous bounds.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata formally takes leave of Daśaratha, Rāma, and the queens, and then travels with Śatrughna.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Discipline and propriety—Bharata follows correct protocol rather than acting impulsively.