Valmiki Ramayana 1.3.16: Bala Kanda, Sarga 3, Shloka 16

तृतीयः सर्गः (Bālakāṇḍa 3): Vālmīki’s Yogic Verification and the Epic Synopsis

Devanagari script

वास्तुकर्म निवेशं च भरतागमनं तथा ।प्रसादनं च रामस्य पितुश्च सलिलक्रियाम् ।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 1.3.16

Transliteration

vāstukarma niveśaṃ ca bharatāgamanaṃ tathā |

prasādanaṃ ca rāmasya pituś ca salilakriyām ||

Translation

ท่านกล่าวถึงการสร้างและตั้งถิ่นฐานในที่พำนักกลางป่า การมาถึงของพระภรต ความพยายามของพระภรตในการทูลอ้อนวอนให้พระรามเสด็จกลับ และการที่พระรามประกอบพิธีชำระด้วยน้ำเพื่อพระบิดา

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Word by Word

• वास्तु-कर्म: construction work (of a dwelling/hut)
• वास्तु-कर्म: Karma (कर्म) — enumerated object/topic
• Type: Noun
• Root: वास्तु (प्रातिपदिक) + कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (Neuter, Nom/Acc, Singular); समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (vāstu-karman = 'construction-work')

• निवेशम्: dwelling; settlement; lodging
• निवेशम्: Karma (कर्म) — enumerated object/topic
• Type: Noun
• Root: निवेश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (Masculine, Accusative, Singular)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction: 'and')

• भरत-आगमनम्: Bharata’s arrival
• भरत-आगमनम्: Karma (कर्म) — enumerated object/topic
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत (प्रातिपदिक) + आगमन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (Neuter, Nom/Acc, Singular); समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (Bharata's arrival)

• तथा: also; and
• तथा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb/conjunction: 'also; likewise; and')

• प्रसादनम्: propitiation; appeasement
• प्रसादनम्: Karma (कर्म) — enumerated object/topic
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रसादन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (Neuter, Nom/Acc, Singular)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• रामस्य: of Rāma
• रामस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी) — possessor
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन (Masculine, Genitive, Singular)

• पितुः: of (his) father
• पितुः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी) — possessor
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन (Masculine, Genitive, Singular); पितृ-शब्द (ṛ-stem)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• सलिल-क्रियाम्: water-rites (funeral rites)
• सलिल-क्रियाम्: Karma (कर्म) — enumerated object/topic
• Type: Noun
• Root: सलिल (प्रातिपदिक) + क्रिया (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (Feminine, Accusative, Singular); समासः तत्पुरुषः (salila-kriyā = water-rite, funeral libations)

Context

(He described) the making of, and dwelling in, a hut, the arrival of Bharata, Bharata's persuasion to Rama (to return to the kingdom), and Rama's performance the funeral ablution for his father.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Bharata
• Daśaratha (as father, implied)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma appears as unwavering duty: even in exile, Rāma fulfills filial obligations and honors ritual responsibility toward his deceased father.

What is the narrative situation?

In the forest settlement, Bharata comes to persuade Rāma to return; alongside this, rites for Daśaratha are performed.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s constancy and Bharata’s loyalty—both act from duty, not personal ambition.