Valmiki Ramayana 2.99.16: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 99, Shloka 16

चित्रकूटप्राप्तिः

Bharata Reaches Chitrakuta and Beholds Rama

Devanagari script

मत्कृते व्यसनं प्राप्तो लोकनाथो महाद्युतिः।सर्वान्कामान्परित्यज्य वने वसति राघवः।।2.99.16।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.99.16

Transliteration

mat-kṛte vyasanaṁ prāpto loka-nātho mahā-dyutiḥ |

sarvān kāmān parityajya vane vasati rāghavaḥ ||2.99.16||

Translation

เพราะข้าเอง พระผู้เป็นใหญ่แห่งโลกผู้รุ่งเรืองยิ่งได้ประสบเคราะห์กรรม; พระราฆวะทรงละความปรารถนาทั้งปวง แล้วประทับอยู่ในป่า

Ask anything about this verse...Ask

Word by Word

• मत्-कृते: on my account
• मत्-कृते: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: mad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + kṛta (कृदन्त; √kṛ (धातु))
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास; अर्थे सप्तमी/हेतौ (on account of); अव्ययत्वात् अविकारी

• व्यसनम्: calamity
• व्यसनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vyasana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन (neuter, nominative/accusative singular)

• प्राप्तः: has met with
• प्राप्तः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √prāp (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तरि प्रयोगे ‘has obtained/has met with’

• लोक-नाथः: lord of the world
• लोक-नाथः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: loka (प्रातिपदिक) + nātha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (लोकस्य नाथः); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• महाद्युतिः: the greatly radiant one
• महाद्युतिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + dyuti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय (महती द्युतिः यस्य/महाद्युतिः); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सर्वान्: all
• सर्वान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन (masc. acc. pl.); विशेषणम् (कमान्)

• कामान्: desires
• कामान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• परित्यज्य: having renounced
• परित्यज्य: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pari-√tyaj (धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
• Form: क्त्वान्त/ल्यपन्त अव्यय-कृदन्त (absolutive/gerund); पूर्वक्रिया (having renounced)

• वने: in the forest
• वने: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति, एकवचन (locative singular)

• वसति: lives
• वसति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vas (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• राघवः: Rāghava (Rama)
• राघवः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन

Context

Effulgent Rama, the lord of the world, had to renounce all desires and undergo this calamity of living in the forest on my account.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma (Rāghava)
• forest (vana)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse underscores dharma as self-sacrifice and truth-bound duty: Rāma accepts forest life, while Bharata accepts moral responsibility for the chain of events.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata laments that Rāma—fit to rule—now lives as a renunciate in the forest, and he attributes the suffering to himself.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s renunciation and Bharata’s accountability—together portraying ideal conduct: one bears hardship for dharma, the other refuses to hide from blame.