Valmiki Ramayana 2.99.11: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 99, Shloka 11

चित्रकूटप्राप्तिः

Bharata Reaches Chitrakuta and Beholds Rama

Devanagari script

इदं चोदात्तदन्तानां कुञ्जराणां तरस्विनाम्।शैलपार्श्वे परिक्रान्तमन्योन्यमभिगर्जताम्।।2.99.11।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.99.11

Transliteration

idaṁ codāttadantānāṁ kuñjarāṇāṁ tarasvinām |

śailapārśve parikrāntam anyonyam abhigarjatām ||2.99.11||

Translation

นี่คือทางบนไหล่เขา ที่ช้างผู้มีกำลังและงายาวใหญ่เที่ยวไปอย่างรวดเร็ว ส่งเสียงร้องกึกก้องเมื่อพุ่งเข้าหากัน

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Word by Word

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordination)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्ययम् (conjunction)

• उदात्तदन्तानाम्: of the high-tusked
• उदात्तदन्तानाम्: सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive relation)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उदात्त + दन्त (प्रातिपदिक-समास)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, षष्ठी-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्; कर्मधारयः—‘उदात्ताः दन्ताः येषाम्’ (as adjective of kuñjarāṇām)

• कुञ्जराणाम्: of elephants
• कुञ्जराणाम्: सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुञ्जर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, षष्ठी-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्

• तरस्विनाम्: of the swift/strong
• तरस्विनाम्: सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive relation)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तरस्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, षष्ठी-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्; विशेषणम् (कुञ्जराणाम्)

• शैलपार्श्वे: on the mountainside
• शैलपार्श्वे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शैल + पार्श्व (प्रातिपदिक-समास)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; सप्तमी-तत्पुरुषः—‘शैलस्य पार्श्वे’

• परिक्रान्तम्: trampled/encircled
• परिक्रान्तम्: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परि + क्रम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त, नपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; इदम् इति पदस्य विशेषणम्

• अन्योन्यम्: each other/mutually
• अन्योन्यम्: क्रियाविशेषण (Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अन्योन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाववत् अव्यय-प्रयोगः; क्रियाविशेषणम् (mutually)

• अभिगर्जताम्: of (those) trumpeting/roaring
• अभिगर्जताम्: सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive relation)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अभि + गर्ज् (धातु) + शतृ (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्गः, षष्ठी-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्; विशेषणम् (कुञ्जराणाम्)

Context

This must be the place on the hillside on which mighty tuskers wander about trumpeting and charging at one another.

Characters & Entities

• elephants (kuñjara)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as steadfast pursuit: the search continues through perilous terrain, showing commitment to truth despite natural obstacles.

What is the narrative situation?

The party recognizes a specific hillside area frequented by elephants, using landscape cues to orient themselves in the forest.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Perseverance and attentiveness—careful observation of nature supports the righteous goal of finding Rama.