Valmiki Ramayana 2.91.7 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 91, Shloka 7

भरद्वाजाश्रमे भरतसैन्यस्य दिव्यात्मिथ्यम् / Divine Hospitality to Bharata’s Army at Bharadvaja’s Hermitage

Devanagari script

राज्ञा च भगवन्नित्यं राजपुत्रेण वा सदा।यत्नतः परिहर्तव्या विषयेषु तपस्विनः।।।।

Transliteration

rājñā ca bhagavan nityaṃ rājaputreṇa vā sadā |

yatnataḥ parihartavyā viṣayeṣu tapasvinaḥ ||

Translation

ข้าแต่มหาบุรุษผู้ควรเคารพ ไม่ว่าพระราชาหรือเจ้าชาย พึงหลีกเลี่ยงบรรดาฤๅษีผู้บำเพ็ญตบะซึ่งพำนักในแดนของตน ด้วยความระมัดระวังเสมอ เพื่อมิให้ตบะของท่านทั้งหลายถูกรบกวน

Word by Word

• rājñā: by the king
• rājñā: Kartr̥/Agent (कर्ता-करणभावे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• bhagavan: O venerable sir
• bhagavan: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhagavat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• nityam: always
• nityam: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nitya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत् प्रयोग (accusative used adverbially); कालवाचक (always)

• rāja-putreṇa: by a king's son/prince
• rāja-putreṇa: Kartr̥/Agent (कर्ता-करणभावे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāja (प्रातिपदिक) + putra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘rājñaḥ putraḥ’), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• vā: or
• vā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विकल्पार्थक (or)

• sadā: always
• sadā: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sadā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक (always)

• yatnataḥ: carefully/with effort
• yatnataḥ: Prakāra (प्रकार/manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yatna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (ablative-form adverb): ‘with effort/carefully’

• parihartavyāḥ: should be avoided
• parihartavyāḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pari + √hṛ (धातु) + tavya (कृत्)
• Form: कृदन्त; तव्यत् (gerundive/obligatory), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कर्मणि-भाव (to be avoided)

• viṣayeṣu: in territories/places
• viṣayeṣu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: viṣaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन

• tapasvinaḥ: ascetics
• tapasvinaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tapasvin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

Context

There the soldiers beheld in amazement thousands of iron containers decked with flags and flowers and filled with white rice, mutton, pork, choicest condiments, fruit juice, fragrant and tasty soup.

Characters & Entities

• king (rājā)
• ascetics (tapasvinaḥ)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Royal dharma includes reverence and non-interference toward tapasvins: power must restrain itself so spiritual practice is protected.

What is the narrative situation?

A counsel is given regarding how rulers should behave around ascetics—advising deliberate avoidance of disturbing their hermitages or domains.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Self-control (dama) and humility—recognizing that spiritual authority should not be disrupted by political or royal presence.