Valmiki Ramayana 2.42.25 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 42, Shloka 25

द्विचत्वारिंशः सर्गः — दशरथस्य शोक-विलापः तथा कौशल्यागृह-प्रवेशः

Dasaratha’s Lament and Return to Kausalya’s Apartments

Devanagari script

महाह्रदमिवाक्षोभ्यं सुपर्णेन हृतोरगम्।रामेण रहितं वेश्म वैदेह्या लक्ष्मणेन च।।।।

Transliteration

mahāhradam ivākṣobhyaṃ suparṇena hṛtoragam |

rāmeṇa rahitaṃ veśma vaidehyā lakṣmaṇena ca ||

Translation

พระราชวังนั้นปราศจากพระราม—ทั้งปราศจากไวเทหี (สีดา) และพระลักษมณ์—สงบนิ่งดุจมหาสระอันไม่กระเพื่อม เมื่อพญาครุฑ (สุปัรณะ) ฉกนาคออกไปแล้ว

Word by Word

• अथ: then
• अथ: Discourse marker (क्रमसूचक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अनन्तरार्थक-अव्ययम् (then/thereupon)

• गद्गदशब्दः: one with a choked voice
• गद्गदशब्दः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गद्गद-शब्द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; कर्मधारयः (गद्गदः शब्दः यस्य)

• तु: indeed/but
• तु: Modifier (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/अन्योन्य-निपातः (particle: but/indeed)

• विलपन्: lamenting
• विलपन्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-लप् (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान-कृदन्तः, पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• मनुजाधिपः: lord of men (king)
• मनुजाधिपः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनुज-अधिप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (मनुजानाम् अधिपः)

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकारः (Perfect), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्

• मृदु: gently
• मृदु: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मृदु (अव्यय/विशेषण-प्रयोग)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-प्रयोगः (adverb: gently/softly)

• मन्दार्थम्: in a low/feeble manner
• मन्दार्थम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मन्द-अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; कर्मधारयः (मन्दः अर्थः/भावः यस्य) — वचनम् विशेषयति

• वचनम्: words/speech
• वचनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• दीनम्: sad, wretched
• दीनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दीन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम्

• अस्वरम्: without strength of voice
• अस्वरम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-स्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (feeble-voiced)

Context

The palace without Rama, Lakshmana and Sita, stood like a vast, unperturbed lake with serpents snatched away by Suparna (Garuda).

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Sītā (Vaidehī)
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Suparṇa (Garuḍa)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse suggests that true auspiciousness in a kingdom is tied to dharmic persons: when the righteous leave, the seat of power becomes spiritually and emotionally hollow.

What is the narrative situation?

After Rāma, Sītā, and Lakṣmaṇa depart for exile, the royal residence appears eerily still and emptied of its life-force.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s role as the stabilizing, dharmic center is emphasized—his absence is portrayed as the removal of a potent presence.