Valmiki Ramayana 2.35.31 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 35, Shloka 31

सुमन्त्रस्य कैकेयी-निन्दा

Sumantra’s Reproof of Kaikeyi in the Royal Assembly

Devanagari script

न हि मिथ्या प्रतिज्ञातं करिष्यति तवानघः। श्रीमान्दशरथो राजा देवि राजीवलोचनः।।2.35.31।।

Transliteration

na hi mithyā pratijñātaṁ kariṣyati tavānaghaḥ | śrīmān daśaratho rājā devi rājīva-locanaḥ ||2.35.31||

Translation

ข้าแต่เทวี ผู้มีเนตรดุจดอกบัว พระเจ้าทศรถผู้รุ่งเรืองและปราศจากบาป ย่อมไม่ทำให้คำปฏิญาณที่ได้ประทานแก่พระองค์เป็นเท็จเป็นอันขาด

Word by Word

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध (negation)

• हि: indeed
• हि: निपात (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle: indeed/for)

• मिथ्या: falsely
• मिथ्या: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मिथ्या (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: falsely)

• प्रतिज्ञातम्: what was promised
• प्रतिज्ञातम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रति + ज्ञा (धातु)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle) नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; ‘प्रतिज्ञातं (वचनम्/कर्म)’ = what is promised

• करिष्यति: will do/make
• करिष्यति: क्रिया (Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• तव: of you/to you
• तव: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• अनघः: sinless
• अनघः: कर्ता-विशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनघ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; राजा/दशरथः इति विशेष्यस्य विशेषणम्

• श्रीमान्: prosperous/illustrious
• श्रीमान्: कर्ता-विशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्रीमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; दशरथः इति विशेषणम्

• दशरथः: Dasaratha
• दशरथः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दशरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• राजा: king
• राजा: कर्ता (Appositional subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; दशरथः इत्यस्य अप्पोजिशन (apposition)

• देवि: O देवी
• देवि: सम्बोधन (Address/Vocative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन

• राजीवलोचनः: lotus-eyed
• राजीवलोचनः: कर्ता-विशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: राजीव + लोचन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि (राजीववत् लोचने यस्य); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; दशरथः इति विशेषणम्

Context

The lotus-eyed, sinless and prosperous king Dasaratha, O Devi! will not render false the promise given you (he will fulfil it in another form).

Characters & Entities

• Dasaratha
• Kaikeyi

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Satya (truthfulness) as royal dharma: a king must uphold promises and avoid falsehood, sustaining trust in governance.

What is the narrative situation?

Sumantra asserts Dasaratha’s integrity, insisting he will not break or falsify the pledge made to Kaikeyi.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Reliability in vows (pratijñā-pālana): Dasaratha’s steadfast commitment to truth and honor.