Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 3, Shloka 37

यौवराज्याभिषेक-उपकल्पनम्

Preparations for Rama’s Installation as Yuvaraja

Devanagari script

तं पश्यमानो नृपतिस्तुतोष प्रियमात्मजम्।।।।अलङ्कृतमिवात्मानमादर्शतलसंस्थितम्।

Transliteration

taṃ paśyamāno nṛpatis tutoṣa priyam ātmajam |

alaṅkṛtam ivātmānam ādarśatalasaṃsthitam ||

Translation

ครั้นทอดพระเนตรโอรสอันเป็นที่รัก พระราชาก็ปีติยิ่ง—ประหนึ่งได้เห็นพระองค์เองอันประดับงดงาม สะท้อนอยู่บนผิวกระจก

Word by Word

• तम्: him
• तम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम-रूपम्

• पश्यमानः: seeing, beholding
• पश्यमानः: कर्तृविशेषण (Subject-qualifier/कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पश् (धातु) + शानच् (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्तः (present middle participle), पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तृविशेषणम् (of nṛpati)

• नृपतिः: the king
• नृपतिः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृपति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तुतोष: was delighted
• तुतोष: क्रिया (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: तुष् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect/लिट्), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; अकर्मक

• प्रियम्: beloved
• प्रियम्: कर्मविशेषण (Object-qualifier/कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying 'ātmajam')

• आत्मजम्: son
• आत्मजम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• अलङ्कृतम्: adorned
• अलङ्कृतम्: उपमेयविशेषण (Qualifier of compared entity/उपमेयविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अलङ्-कृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-कृदन्तः (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying 'ātmānam')

• इव: as if, like
• इव: उपमा (Comparison marker/उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा-अव्यय

• आत्मानम्: himself
• आत्मानम्: उपमेय (Compared entity/उपमेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• आदर्श-तल-संस्थितम्: situated on the surface of a mirror (i.e., reflected)
• आदर्श-तल-संस्थितम्: उपमेयविशेषण (Qualifier/उपमेयविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आदर्श (प्रातिपदिक) + तल (प्रातिपदिक) + संस्थित (स्था धातु + क्त)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमासः: आदर्शस्य तले संस्थितम्; क्त-कृदन्तः, पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (of 'ātmānam')

Context

The king was delighted to see his beloved son as though he saw his own reflection adorning a mirror.

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha
• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse affirms the dharmic ideal of continuity of virtue in lineage: a son becomes a living reflection of the father’s values and honor.

What is the narrative situation?

Daśaratha watches Rāma in the assembly and experiences pride and happiness.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s worthiness as an heir, and Daśaratha’s appreciative, value-centered love.