Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 26, Shloka 30

अयोध्याकाण्डे षड्विंशः सर्गः

Rama’s Departure and Sita’s Questions; Disclosure of Exile and Counsel on Courtly Conduct

Devanagari script

काल्यमुत्थाय देवानां कृत्वा पूजां यथाविधि।वन्दितव्यो दशरथः पिता मम नरेश्वरः।।।।

Transliteration

kālyam utthāya devānāṃ kṛtvā pūjāṃ yathāvidhi |

vanditavyo daśarathaḥ pitā mama nareśvaraḥ ||

Translation

ครั้นตื่นแต่เช้าแล้ว บูชาเทวะประจำเรือนตามพิธีโดยชอบ จงเข้าไปนอบน้อมถวายบังคมแด่พระบิดาของข้า ท้าวทศรถ ผู้เป็นเจ้าแห่งมนุษย์

Word by Word

• याते: when (I am) gone
• याते: Kala (काल/Time circumstance)
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past participle) क्त; पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसक, सप्तमी, एकवचन; सति-सप्तमी (locative absolute) ‘when (I) have gone’

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• मयि: when I (am)
• मयि: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative absolute)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, सप्तमी, एकवचन; सति-सप्तमी

• कल्याणि: O auspicious one
• कल्याणि: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कल्याणी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• वनम्: forest
• वनम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Context: in the forest)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• मुनिनिषेवितम्: frequented by sages
• मुनिनिषेवितम्: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मुनि (प्रातिपदिक) + निषेवित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; नि-सेव् धातु)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तृतीया-तत्पुरुष (मुनिभिः निषेवितम् / frequented by sages)

• व्रतोपवासपरया: devoted to vows and fasting
• व्रतोपवासपरया: Kartr (कर्ता/Doer)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: व्रत (प्रातिपदिक) + उपवास (प्रातिपदिक) + परा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; द्वन्द्व-समाहार-आधारित तत्पुरुष: (व्रत-उपवासयोः परा) ‘devoted to vows and fasting’

• भवितव्यम्: must be done/should be
• भवितव्यम्: Karya (कार्य/Obligation predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु) + तव्यत् (कृदन्त)
• Form: तव्यत्-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तव्यता (ought to be done/should be)

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: Kartr (कर्ता/Doer)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: मध्यमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, तृतीया, एकवचन

• अनघे: O sinless one
• अनघे: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनघा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

Context

You must rise in time and with the (household) gods duly worshipped, pay obeisance to my father, king Dasaratha.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Sītā
• Daśaratha
• deva (household deities)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Reverence and ritual propriety: dharma is upheld through disciplined daily worship and respectful conduct toward elders and the king.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma gives Sītā practical instructions for courtly and religious conduct in his absence, beginning with worship and honoring Daśaratha.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Respect for elders and adherence to sacred routine (ācāra).