Valmiki Ramayana 2.25.23 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 25, Shloka 23

कौशल्याया मङ्गलविधानम्

Kausalya’s Benedictions and Protective Rites for Rama

Devanagari script

गुरुस्सोमश्च सूर्यश्च धनदोऽथ यमस्तथा।पान्तु त्वामर्चिता राम दण्डकारण्यवासिनम्।।2.25.23।।

Transliteration

guruḥ somaś ca sūryaś ca dhanado 'tha yamas tathā | pāntu tvām arcitā rāma daṇḍakāraṇyavāsinam || 2.25.23 ||

Translation

โอ้พระราม เมื่อพระองค์พำนักอยู่ในป่าทัณฑกะ ขอให้คุรุ (พฤหัสบดี), โสม, สุริยะ, ธนท (กุเบร), และยม—ผู้ได้รับการบูชาจนพอพระทัย—จงคุ้มครองพระองค์

Word by Word

• गुरुः: Guru (Brihaspati)
• गुरुः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; here 'Bṛhaspati (Guru)'

• सोमः: Soma (Moon)
• सोमः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• सूर्यः: Sun
• सूर्यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• धनदः: Dhanada (Kubera)
• धनदः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धनद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; epithet of Kubera

• अथ: and then/also
• अथ: Nipata (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अनुक्रम/समुच्चय (then/also)

• यमः: Yama
• यमः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तथा: likewise, also
• तथा: Nipata (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय/रीतिवाचक (so, likewise, also)

• पान्तु: may protect
• पान्तु: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पा (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative/लोट्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; 'may (they) protect'

• त्वाम्: you
• त्वाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; object 'you'

• अर्चिताः: worshipped
• अर्चिताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अर्च् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; 'having been worshipped' qualifying the deities

• राम: O Rama
• राम: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/सम्बोधन), एकवचन

• दण्डकारण्यवासिनम्: dwelling in Dandaka forest
• दण्डकारण्यवासिनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दण्डकारण्य + वासिन् (प्रातिपदिक); components: दण्डक + अरण्य (Tatpurusha) + वासिन्
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण of त्वाम्; 'dwelling in the Dandaka forest'

Context

Propitiated by my worship, O Rama! may Brihaspati, Moon, Sun, Kubera and Yama protect you when you are in Dandaka forest!

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Daṇḍakāraṇya (Dandaka forest)
• Bṛhaspati (Guru)
• Soma (Moon)
• Sūrya (Sun)
• Kubera (Dhanada)
• Yama

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is lived with reverence: righteous action is accompanied by worship and invocation of protective cosmic authorities, not by arrogance or self-reliance alone.

What is the narrative situation?

Kausalya invokes specific deities to guard Rama during his residence in the dangerous wilderness of Daṇḍaka.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Piety and humility—seeking protection through worship while accepting the hard path dictated by truth and duty.