Valmiki Ramayana 2.19.35 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 19, Shloka 35

एकोनविंशः सर्गः (Sarga 19): Rāma’s Unshaken Acceptance of Exile and Kaikeyī’s Urgency

Devanagari script

प्रतिषिध्य शुभं छत्रं व्यजने च स्वलङ्कृते। विसर्जयित्वा स्वजनं रथं पौरांस्तथा जनान्।।2.19.34।। धारयन् मनसा दुःखमिन्द्रियाणि निगृह्य च।प्रविवेशात्मवान्वेश्म मातुरप्रियशंसिवान्।2.19.35।।

Transliteration

pratiṣidhya śubhaṃ chatraṃ vyajane ca svalaṅkṛte |

visarjayitvā svajanaṃ rathaṃ paurāṃs tathā janān || 2.19.34 ||

dhārayan manasā duḥkham indriyāṇi nigṛhya ca |

praviveśātmavān veśma mātur apriyaśaṃsivān || 2.19.35 ||

Translation

พระรามผู้ทรงมีสติมั่นคง ทรงปฏิเสธร่มฉัตรมงคลและพัดโบกที่ประดับประดา ทรงให้ข้าราชบริพาร ราชรถ และชาวเมืองกลับไป ทรงข่มความโศกเศร้าไว้ในพระทัย ทรงสำรวมอินทรีย์ และเสด็จเข้าสู่พระตำหนักของพระมารดาเพื่อแจ้งข่าวร้าย

Word by Word

• सर्वः: all (people)
• सर्वः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समूहवाचक (collective)

• हि: indeed
• हि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle); हेत्वर्थ/बलार्थ (indeed/for)

• अभिजनः: retinue/noble people
• अभिजनः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject - appositional)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभिजन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• श्रीमान्: splendid/glorious
• श्रीमान्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्रीमन्त् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifies अभिजनः)

• श्रीमतः: of the illustrious
• श्रीमतः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्रीमन्त् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifies रामस्य understood)

• सत्यवादिनः: of the truthful
• सत्यवादिनः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्यवादिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifies रामस्य understood)

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक अव्यय

• अलक्षयत: noticed/saw
• अलक्षयत: Kriyā (क्रिया/Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: लक्ष् (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• रामस्य: of Rama
• रामस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• किञ्चित्: any/a little
• किञ्चित्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Quantifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: किञ्चित् (अव्यय/सर्वनाम)
• Form: परिमाणवाचक अव्यय (indefinite/quantifier)

• आकारम्: expression/appearance
• आकारम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आकार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• आनने: in (his) face
• आनने: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आनन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

Context

Self-possessed Rama held back his sorrow within his mind, abandoned theauspicious umbrella, well-decorated fans and chariot, sent away kinsmen, city-dwellers and others and entered his mother's residence to break the unpleasant news.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• mother (Kausalya, implied by mātuḥ veśma in context)
• chariot (ratha)
• citizens (paurāḥ)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is disciplined conduct under suffering: Rama restrains senses and public display, and chooses a considerate, orderly way to inform his mother of painful truth.

What is the narrative situation?

After the coronation is thwarted and exile looms, Rama dismisses royal paraphernalia and attendants and goes privately to his mother to communicate the bad news.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Self-mastery and compassion (ātmavatva, indriya-nigraha), paired with truthfulness in conveying difficult realities.