Valmiki Ramayana 2.104.17 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 104, Shloka 17

भरतस्य प्रार्थना—रामस्य धर्मोपदेशः

Bharata’s Petition and Rama’s Dharma-Reasoning

Devanagari script

न दोषं त्वयि पश्यामि सूक्ष्ममप्यरिसूदन।न चापि जननीं बाल्यात्त्वं विगर्हितुमर्हसि।।।।

Transliteration

na doṣaṃ tvayi paśyāmi sūkṣmam apy arisūdana | na cāpi jananīṃ bālyāt tvaṃ vigarhitum arhasi ||

Translation

โอ้ผู้ปราบศัตรู เรามิได้เห็นโทษแม้เพียงละเอียดน้อยในท่านเลย และด้วยแรงผลักดันแห่งความเยาว์วัย ท่านก็มิสมควรติเตียนพระมารดาด้วย

Word by Word

• न: not
• न: निषेध
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय

• दोषम्: fault
• दोषम्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दोष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग

• त्वयि: in you
• त्वयि: अधिकरण (Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• पश्यामि: I see/find
• पश्यामि: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, उत्तम-पुरुष (1st person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• सूक्ष्मम्: subtle, slightest
• सूक्ष्मम्: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सूक्ष्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग; विशेषण (of doṣam)

• अपि: even
• अपि: अवधारण (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: सम्भावना/अपि-निपात (even)

• अरिसूदन: O slayer of enemies
• अरिसूदन: सम्बोधन (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अरि + सूदन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सम्बोधन-प्रथमा, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; तत्पुरुष—‘अरिणां सूदनः’

• न: nor/not
• न: निषेध
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (and/also; with na = ‘nor’)

• अपि: also
• अपि: अवधारण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (also/even)

• जननीम्: mother
• जननीम्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जननी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग

• बाल्यात्: from childishness / due to youth
• बाल्यात्: हेतु/अपादान (Cause/Ablative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाल्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• विगर्हितुम्: to reproach
• विगर्हितुम्: प्रयोजन
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-गर्ह् (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-इन्फिनिटिव (to censure/reproach)

• अर्हसि: you ought
• अर्हसि: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्ह् (धातु)
• Form: लट्, मध्यम-पुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद; न ... अर्हसि = ‘you should not’

Context

O destroyer of enemies, I do not find even slightest fault with you. Like a child, it does not behove you to reproach your mother.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Bharata
• Kaikeyī (implied as mother)
• mother (jananī)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Respect toward parents and restraint in speech: even when wrong has occurred, dharma discourages impulsive condemnation of one’s mother.

What is the narrative situation?

Rama reassures Bharata of his innocence and advises him not to direct blame at Kaikeyī in anger.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rama’s fairness and moral discipline—he separates guilt from grief and counsels measured conduct.