Valmiki Ramayana 2.102.10 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 102, Shloka 10

पितृमरणश्रवणं जलक्रिया च

Hearing of Daśaratha’s death and the libation rites at Mandākinī

Devanagari script

अहो भरत सिद्धार्थो येन राजा त्वयाऽनघ।शत्रुघ्नेन च सर्वेषु प्रेतकृत्येषु सत्कृतः।।।।

Transliteration

aho bharata siddhārtho yena rājā tvayā 'nagha | śatrughnena ca sarveṣu pretakṛtyeṣu satkṛtaḥ || 2.102.10 ||

Translation

โอ้ พระภรตผู้ปราศจากมลทิน ท่านได้บรรลุหน้าที่แล้ว เพราะท่านและพระศัตรุฆนะได้ถวายเกียรติแด่พระราชาอย่างสมควรตลอดพิธีศพและสังสการทั้งปวง

Word by Word

• अहो: alas!/ah! (indeed)
• अहो: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अहो (अव्यय)
• Form: विस्मय/हर्षबोधक अव्यय (exclamation)

• भरत: O Bharata
• भरत: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन

• सिद्धार्थः: successful/one who has fulfilled the purpose
• सिद्धार्थः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सिद्धार्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण (predicate adjective) to ‘त्वम्’ understood

• येन: by whom/whereby
• येन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचन; relative pronoun

• राजा: the king
• राजा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचन

• अनघ: O blameless one
• अनघ: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनघ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन; epithet

• शत्रुघ्नेन: by Shatrughna
• शत्रुघ्नेन: Sahakari (सहकारी/सह-करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शत्रुघ्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• सर्वेषु: in all
• सर्वेषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/सप्तमी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative), बहुवचन; विशेषण of ‘प्रेतकृत्येषु’

• प्रेतकृत्येषु: in the funerary rites
• प्रेतकृत्येषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रेतकृत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative), बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: प्रेतस्य कृत्यम्

• सत्कृतः: was duly honored/served
• सत्कृतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सत् + कृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; predicate of ‘राजा’

Context

O irreproachable Bharata, it is gratifying that you and Satrughna are indeed fortunate to have fulfilled your cherished desire since the king was well-honoured by you with all the obsequial rites.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Bharata
• Śatrughna
• Daśaratha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Performing the last rites for one’s parents is a primary dharmic responsibility; honoring the departed upholds family and social order.

What is the narrative situation?

Rama acknowledges and praises Bharata and Śatrughna for completing Daśaratha’s obsequial rites.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s dutifulness and Rama’s fairness—he gives due credit and recognizes righteous action even amid personal sorrow.