Shloka 40

पम्पा-ऋष्यमूक-मार्गोपदेशः

Guidance to Pampa and Rishyamuka; counsel to befriend Sugriva

Devanagari script

तस्या गुहायाः प्राग्द्वारे महान्शीतोदको ह्रदः।फलमूलान्वितो रम्यो नानामृगसमावृतः।।3.73.40।।

Transliteration

tasyā guhāyāḥ prāgdvāre mahān śītodako hradaḥ |

phalamūlānvito ramyo nānāmṛgasamāvṛtaḥ ||3.73.40||

Translation

ณ ประตูด้านตะวันออกของถ้ำนั้น มีสระใหญ่แห่งน้ำเย็นใส งดงาม อุดมด้วยผลไม้และรากไม้ และมีสัตว์นานาชนิดมาชุมนุมอยู่เสมอ

Word by Word

• तस्याः: of that
• तस्याः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular (एकवचन)

• गुहायाः: of the cave
• गुहायाः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: guhā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular (एकवचन)

• प्राग्द्वारे: at the eastern entrance
• प्राग्द्वारे: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prāk + dvāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyayībhāva (अव्ययीभाव) ‘prāk’ (eastward) + ‘dvāre’; Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन)

• महान्: great
• महान्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); viśeṣaṇa of ‘hradaḥ’

• शीतोदकः: having cool water
• शीतोदकः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śīta + udaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Karmadhāraya (कर्मधारय) ‘śītam udakam yasya’; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); viśeṣaṇa of ‘hradaḥ’

• ह्रदः: lake
• ह्रदः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hrada (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• फलमूलान्वितः: endowed with fruits and roots
• फलमूलान्वितः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: phala + mūla + anvita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘phalamūlaiḥ anvitaḥ’; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); viśeṣaṇa of ‘hradaḥ’

• रम्यः: delightful
• रम्यः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ramya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); viśeṣaṇa of ‘hradaḥ’

• नानामृगसमावृतः: surrounded by various animals
• नानामृगसमावृतः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nānā + mṛga + samāvṛta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘nānāvidhaiḥ mṛgaiḥ samāvṛtaḥ’; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); viśeṣaṇa of ‘hradaḥ’

Context

At the eastern entrance of the cave there is a cool water-tank. On its bank teeming with various animals are delightful fruits and roots.

Characters & Entities

• cave (guhā)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes providing refuge and sustenance to those who dwell rightly. The description of water, fruits, and roots reflects a place suited for austere living and lawful survival in the forest.

What is the narrative situation?

Kabandha gives identifying details of the cave area—its eastern lake and resources—so Rama can locate Sugriva’s vicinity.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Prudence and preparedness: Rama is being equipped with accurate knowledge for a successful and righteous mission.