Shloka 48

अयोमुखी-दर्शनम् तथा कबन्ध-प्रवेशः

Ayomukhi Encounter and the ظهور of Kabandha

Devanagari script

कालस्य सुमहद्वीर्यं सर्वभूतेषु लक्ष्मण।।।।त्वां च मां च नरव्याघ्र व्यसनैः पश्य मोहितौ।

Transliteration

kālasya sumahad vīryaṃ sarvabhūteṣu lakṣmaṇa |

tvāṃ ca māṃ ca naravyāghra vyasanaiḥ paśya mohitau ||

Translation

โอ้ลักษมณะ อำนาจของกาละ—กาลเวลา—ยิ่งใหญ่นักเหนือสรรพสัตว์ทั้งปวง โอ้พยัคฆ์แห่งมนุษย์ จงดูเถิด ทั้งเจ้าและเราต่างถูกเคราะห์กรรมครอบงำจนมืดมน

Word by Word

• कालस्य: of Time
• कालस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग

• सुमहत्: very great
• सुमहत्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु + महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग (here with वीर्यम् as neuter); विशेषणम्

• वीर्यम्: power
• वीर्यम्: Karta (कर्ता/विषय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग; वाक्ये विषय (topic)

• सर्वभूतेषु: among all beings
• सर्वभूतेषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व + भूत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), बहुवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग; ‘in/among all beings’

• लक्ष्मण: O Lakshmana
• लक्ष्मण: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सम्बोधन-प्रथमा (Vocative), एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग

• त्वाम्: you
• त्वाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन, उत्तम-पुरुष-प्रयोगे (2nd person pronoun)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• माम्: me
• माम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (1st person pronoun)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• नरव्याघ्र: O tiger among men
• नरव्याघ्र: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर + व्याघ्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय (man=tiger among men), सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग

• व्यसनैः: by calamities
• व्यसनैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यसन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/करण), बहुवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग

• पश्य: see
• पश्य: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यम-पुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• मोहितौ: bewildered/afflicted (the two of us)
• मोहितौ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मुह् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त (PPP), प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; त्वाम् माम् च इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

Context

O tiger among men! see how powerful the might of time is for all beings! Just see yourself and myself afflicted wth this great calamity.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Lakshmana
• Kāla (Time)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Humility before kāla: dharma includes recognizing that all beings are subject to time and fate, yet one must act rightly within that condition.

What is the narrative situation?

In the face of Kabandha’s threat and the ongoing loss of Sītā, Rāma reflects on the overwhelming force of Time affecting everyone.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Philosophical clarity and resilience—Rāma frames personal suffering within a universal truth, strengthening moral endurance.