Shloka 13

जटायुनिर्वाणसंस्कारः

Jatayu’s Final Testimony and Funeral Rites

Devanagari script

त्वत्प्रियां जानकीं हृत्वा रावणो राक्षसेश्वरः।।।।झषवद्बडिशं गृह्य क्षिप्रमेव विनश्यति।

Transliteration

tvat-priyāṃ jānakīṃ hṛtvā rāvaṇo rākṣaseśvaraḥ |

jhaṣavad baḍiśaṃ gṛhya kṣipram eva vinaśyati ||

Translation

เมื่อราวณะ—จอมแห่งรากษส—ลักพานางชานกีผู้เป็นที่รักของท่านไปแล้ว เขาจะพินาศโดยเร็ว ดุจปลาที่งับเบ็ด

Word by Word

• त्वत्प्रियाम्: your beloved
• त्वत्प्रियाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वद् + प्रिया (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/कर्म), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष): ‘your beloved (woman)’

• जानकीम्: Jānakī
• जानकीम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जानकी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/कर्म), एकवचन

• हृत्वा: having abducted
• हृत्वा: Pūrvakāla (पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त (gerund), ‘having carried off’

• रावणः: Rāvaṇa
• रावणः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1/कर्ता), एकवचन

• राक्षसेश्वरः: lord of demons
• राक्षसेश्वरः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस + ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1/कर्ता), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘lord of demons’

• झषवत्: like a fish
• झषवत्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/ उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: झषवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उपमानवाचक अव्यय (indeclinable in -वत् used adverbially): ‘like a fish’

• बडिशम्: hook
• बडिशम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बडिश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/कर्म), एकवचन; ‘hook’

• गृह्य: having seized
• गृह्य: Pūrvakāla (पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ग्रह् (धातु)
• Form: ल्यप्/तुमुन्-समकक्ष ‘गृह्य’ (absolutive/gerund from ग्रह्): ‘having seized/taken’

• क्षिप्रम्: quickly
• क्षिप्रम्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क्षिप्रम् (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय (quickly)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक अव्यय (emphasis: indeed/just)

• विनश्यति: will perish/is destroyed
• विनश्यति: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-नश् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

Context

Ravana, king of the demons, will perish soon for running away with your beloved Janaki just like a fish carrying away a fish-hook (which causes its destruction).

Characters & Entities

• Jatāyu
• Rāma
• Sītā (Jānakī)
• Rāvaṇa
• rākṣasas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Adharma is self-destructive: unjust grasping of what is forbidden brings ruin upon the wrongdoer.

What is the narrative situation?

Jatāyu consoles Rāma by predicting Rāvaṇa’s downfall through a vivid simile (fish and hook).

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Confidence in righteous retribution—faith that dharma ultimately prevails over violent wrongdoing.