Shloka 5

सीतावियोगे रामविलापः

Rama’s Lament in Separation from Sita

Devanagari script

राज्यप्रणाशस्स्वजनैर्वियोगः पितुर्विनाशो जननीवियोगः।सर्वाणि मे लक्ष्मण शोकवेगमापूरयन्ति प्रविचिन्तितानि।।।।

Transliteration

rājyapraṇāśaḥ svajanair viyogaḥ pitur vināśo jananīviyogaḥ |

sarvāṇi me lakṣmaṇa śokavegam āpūrayanti pravicintitāni ||

Translation

โอ้ลักษมณะ เมื่อเรารำพึงถึงสิ่งเหล่านี้—ความพินาศแห่งราชอาณาจักร การพรากจากญาติพี่น้อง การสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระบิดา และการจากพรากพระมารดา—ทั้งหมดนี้ยิ่งทวีแรงกระหน่ำแห่งความโศกในใจเรา

Word by Word

• राज्यप्रणाशः: destruction/loss of the kingdom
• राज्यप्रणाशः: कर्ता (वाक्ये विषयः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राज्य (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रणाश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (कर्तरि/उद्देश्ये), एकवचनम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (राज्यस्य प्रणाशः) — masculine, nominative singular; genitive tatpurusha

• स्वजनैः: with one’s own people/kinsmen
• स्वजनैः: सह/संबन्ध (वियोगस्य सह-निर्देशः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वजन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, तृतीया-विभक्तिः (करण/सह), बहुवचनम् — masculine, instrumental plural

• वियोगः: separation
• वियोगः: कर्ता (वाक्ये विषयः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वियोग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् — masculine, nominative singular

• पितुः: of (my) father
• पितुः: सम्बन्ध (विनाशस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, षष्ठी-विभक्तिः (सम्बन्ध), एकवचनम् — masculine, genitive singular

• विनाशः: death/destruction
• विनाशः: कर्ता (वाक्ये विषयः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विनाश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् — masculine, nominative singular

• जननीवियोगः: separation from (my) mother
• जननीवियोगः: कर्ता (वाक्ये विषयः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जननी (प्रातिपदिक) + वियोग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (जनन्याः वियोगः) — masculine, nominative singular; genitive tatpurusha

• सर्वाणि: all (these things)
• सर्वाणि: कर्ता (आपूरयन्ति इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम् — neuter, nominative plural

• मे: my / to me
• मे: सम्बन्ध (शोकवेगस्य/मनसः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी/चतुर्थी-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (एन्क्लिटिक-रूपम्) — genitive/dative singular enclitic; अत्र षष्ठी (मम) अधिकम्

• लक्ष्मण: O Lakshmana
• लक्ष्मण: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: लक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, सम्बोधन-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् — masculine, vocative singular

• शोकवेगम्: the surge/force of grief
• शोकवेगम्: कर्म (आपूरयन्ति)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शोक (प्रातिपदिक) + वेग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (कर्म), एकवचनम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (शोकस्य वेगः) — masculine, accusative singular; genitive tatpurusha

• आपूरयन्ति: fill, overwhelm
• आपूरयन्ति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + √पॄ (धातु) (पूरणे)
• Form: लट्-लकारः (वर्तमानकालः), प्रथम-पुरुषः, बहुवचनम्, परस्मैपदम् — present indicative, 3rd person plural, parasmaipada

• प्रविचिन्तितानि: thought over, reflected upon
• प्रविचिन्तितानि: विशेषण (कर्तृपदस्य)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र + वि + √चिन्त् (धातु) (चिन्तने) + क्त (कृदन्त-प्रत्ययः)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि क्त-प्रत्ययान्तं कृदन्तम्; नपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम् — past passive participle; neuter, nominative plural; सर्वाणि इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

Context

In the past I had certainly done some sinful deeds I often liked the consequences of which have descended on me now as I am experiencing one sorrow after another.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Lakshmana
• Kingdom (rājya)
• Father (Dasharatha)
• Mother (Kaushalya)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse highlights the weight of familial and royal duties: when dharma-bound relationships are disrupted (kingdom, parents, kin), the moral person feels that rupture deeply. Dharma is shown as relational responsibility, not mere personal comfort.

What is the narrative situation?

Rama, already distressed by Sita’s loss, recalls earlier losses from exile—kingdom and family separations—compounding his present anguish.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Filial devotion and loyalty to kin—Rama’s grief is intensified because he values these dharmic bonds.