Shloka 11

सीतावियोगे रामविलापः

Rama’s Lament in Separation from Sita

Devanagari script

मया विहीना विजने वने या रक्षोभिराहृत्य विकृष्यमाणा।नूनं निनादं कुररीव दीना सा मुक्तवत्यायतकान्तनेत्रा।।।।

Transliteration

mayā vihīnā vijane vane yā rakṣobhir āhṛtya vikṛṣyamāṇā |

nūnaṁ ninādaṁ kurarīva dīnā sā muktavaty āyatakāntanetrā ||

Translation

เมื่อพรากจากเราในพนาวันอันเปลี่ยว ถูกพวกรากษสลักพาและฉุดลากไป นางสีดาผู้ไร้ที่พึ่ง—ผู้มีดวงตายาวงาม—ย่อมต้องเปล่งเสียงคร่ำครวญอย่างน่าเวทนา ดุจนกกุรรีร้องเรียก

Word by Word

• मया: by me
• मया: करण (Instrument/Agentive accompaniment: 'by me')
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/स्त्रीलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (सर्वनाम), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular)

• विहीना: separated (from me), bereft
• विहीना: विशेषण (Qualifier of 'या/सा')
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि + √हा (धातु) → विहीन (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, भूतकृदन्त/निष्ठा)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); निष्ठान्त-विशेषण (past passive participle sense: 'deprived/separated')

• विजने: in the lonely/desolate
• विजने: अधिकरण (Locative adjunct: 'in a lonely...')
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विजन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण (qualifying 'वने')

• वने: in the forest
• वने: अधिकरण (Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन (Singular)

• या: who/that (woman)
• या: कर्ता (Subject of implied action 'made a cry')
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); सम्बन्धबोधक-यत् (relative pronoun)

• रक्षोभिः: by the demons
• रक्षोभिः: कर्ता (Agent with passive/absolutive context: 'by demons')
• Type: Noun
• Root: रक्षस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), बहुवचन (Plural)

• आहृत्य: having abducted
• आहृत्य: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial: prior action to 'vikṛṣyamāṇā')
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ + √हृ (धातु) → आहृत्य (क्त्वान्त-अव्यय, absolutive)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund/Absolutive): पूर्वकालिकक्रिया (prior action) — 'having abducted/taken away'

• विकृष्यमाणा: being dragged
• विकृष्यमाणा: विशेषण (Qualifier of 'या/सा')
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि + √कृष् (धातु) → विकृष्यमाण (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, वर्तमानकृदन्त/शानच्; कर्मणि)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); वर्तमानकृदन्त (present passive participle) — 'being dragged'

• नूनम्: surely
• नूनम्: क्रियाविशेषण (Modal adverb: 'surely')
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नूनम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle/adverb): निश्चयार्थक (certainty/emphasis)

• निनादम्: a cry/sound
• निनादम्: कर्म (Object of implied verb 'muktavatī' = 'uttered/let out')
• Type: Noun
• Root: निनाद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

• कुररी: a female osprey (kurarī)
• कुररी: उपमान (Standard of comparison)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुररी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• इव: like
• इव: उपमासूचक (Marker of simile)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle): उपमावाचक (comparative 'like/as')

• दीना: wretched, helpless
• दीना: विशेषण (Qualifier of 'सा')
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दीन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• सा: she/that (woman)
• सा: कर्ता (Subject; resumptive to 'या')
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); संकेत/अन्वयार्थक (demonstrative pronoun)

• मुक्तवती: uttered/let out (a cry)
• मुक्तवती: मुख्यक्रिया (Predicative action with object 'निनादम्')
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मुच् (धातु) → मुक्तवत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, क्तवतुँ) स्त्रीलिङ्गे: मुक्तवती
• Form: क्तवतुँ-प्रत्ययान्त (perfect participle/possessive past participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); क्रियार्थे प्रयुक्तम् (used predicatively: 'she uttered/let out')

• आयतकान्तनेत्रा: long- and beautiful-eyed
• आयतकान्तनेत्रा: विशेषण (Qualifier of 'सा')
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आयत + कान्त + नेत्र (प्रातिपदिकानि) → आयतकान्तनेत्र (समास-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); कर्मधारय-समासः (descriptive): आयतानि च कान्तानि च नेत्राणि यस्याः/यस्याः नेत्रे (as adjective 'having long and lovely eyes')

Context

The lovely, large-eyed lady separated from me in the desolate forest, abducted and dragged by demons must have cried at that time desperately like a female osprey.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Sita
• Lakshmana
• Rakshasas
• Forest (vijana vana)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It evokes compassion and the duty to protect the vulnerable; the pain of witnessing (or imagining) injustice motivates righteous action to restore order.

What is the narrative situation?

Rama visualizes Sita’s abduction and her desperate cries as she is dragged away in the wilderness.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Empathy and steadfast attachment to dharmic responsibility—Rama cannot remain indifferent to Sita’s suffering.