Shloka 10

सीतावियोगे रामविलापः

Rama’s Lament in Separation from Sita

Devanagari script

तां हारपाशस्य सदोचिताया ग्रीवां प्रियाया मम सुव्रतायाः।रक्षांसि नूनं परिपीतवन्ति विभिद्य शून्ये रुधिराशनानि।।।।

Transliteration

tāṁ hārapāśasya sadocitāyā grīvāṁ priyāyā mama suvratāyāḥ |

rakṣāṁsi nūnaṁ paripītavanti vibhidya śūnye rudhirāśanāni ||

Translation

แน่แท้แล้ว เหล่ารากษสผู้กระหายเลือดนั้น คงในที่เปลี่ยวแห่งหนึ่ง ได้หักคอของนางอันเป็นที่รักของเรา—ผู้คอเคยชินกับสายสร้อยและพวงมาลัย—นางผู้มีสัตย์มั่นในธรรม แล้วดื่มโลหิตของนางเสีย

Word by Word

• ताम्: that (her)
• ताम्: कर्म (object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे द्वितीया-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (feminine, accusative, singular); सर्वनाम-रूपम्

• हारपाशस्य: of the necklace-chain
• हारपाशस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हार + पाश (प्रातिपदिके; समास)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे षष्ठी-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (masculine, genitive, singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (हारस्य पाशः = necklace-chain/necklace-string)

• सदोचितायाः: of (her) ever-accustomed (to it)
• सदोचितायाः: सम्बन्ध (genitive qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सदा (अव्यय) + उचित (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) → सदोचित (समास-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे षष्ठी-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (feminine, genitive, singular); अव्ययीभाव-समासः (सदा + उचित = always-accustomed/ever-fitting)

• ग्रीवाम्: neck
• ग्रीवाम्: कर्म (object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ग्रीवा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे द्वितीया-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (feminine, accusative, singular)

• प्रियायाः: of (my) beloved
• प्रियायाः: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रिया (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे षष्ठी-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (feminine, genitive, singular)

• मम: my
• मम: सम्बन्ध (possessor/genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (genitive, singular); सर्वनाम-रूपम् (1st person pronoun)

• सुव्रतायाः: of the virtuous woman
• सुव्रतायाः: सम्बन्ध (genitive apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + व्रत (प्रातिपदिक) → सुव्रता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे षष्ठी-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (feminine, genitive, singular); गुणवाचक-नाम (a woman of good vows/conduct)

• रक्षांसि: demons (rakshasas)
• रक्षांसि: कर्ता (agent/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रक्षस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः बहुवचनम् (neuter, nominative, plural)

• नूनम्: surely
• नूनम्: सम्बन्ध (sentence particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नूनम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; निश्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् (particle of certainty)

• परिपीतवन्ति: have drunk / drink up
• परिपीतवन्ति: क्रिया (main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पा (धातु) + परि (उपसर्ग) → परि-पी (धातु); पीतवत् (कृदन्त) → परिपीतवत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + अन्ति
• Form: लट्-लकारः, प्रथमपुरुषः, बहुवचनम् (present indicative, 3rd person plural); परिपीतवत्-आदेशेन परोक्ष/परिणतार्थे प्रयोगः (periphrastic ‘have drunk’ sense in context)

• विभिद्य: having broken/splitting
• विभिद्य: क्रियाविशेषण (prior action to main verb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: भिद् (धातु) + वि (उपसर्ग) → विभिद्; विभिद्य (ल्यप्-अव्ययकृदन्त)
• Form: ल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्तम् (gerund/absolutive); पूर्वकालिक-क्रिया (having split/broken)

• शून्ये: in a desolate/empty place
• शून्ये: अधिकरण (location)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शून्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे सप्तमी-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (neuter, locative, singular); स्थानवाचक-प्रयोगः

• रुधिराशनानि: blood-eaters (bloodthirsty beings)
• रुधिराशनानि: कर्ता (appositive/qualifier of subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुधिर + अशन (प्रातिपदिके; समास)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः बहुवचनम् (neuter, nominative, plural); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (रुधिरस्य अशनम् = blood-eating); रक्षांसि इति पदस्य विशेषणवत् प्रयोगः

Context

The blood-thirsty demons must have drunk the blood of my faithful beloved in a lonely place breaking her neck that used to wear beautiful necklaces.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Sita
• Lakshmana
• Rakshasas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse highlights the dharmic ideal of marital fidelity and protection: Rama’s anguish arises from the perceived violation of Sita’s safety and dignity, underscoring a ruler’s and husband’s duty to safeguard the innocent.

What is the narrative situation?

After Sita’s disappearance in the forest, Rama imagines horrific possibilities—suspecting rākṣasas have harmed her—showing the intensity of his fear and sorrow.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rama’s deep devotion and responsibility toward Sita (pativrata–patnī protection ideal in narrative terms), even as grief overwhelms him.