Shloka 37

सीतान्वेषणविलापः

Rama’s Lament and Search for Sita

Devanagari script

स वनानि नदीश्शैलान् गिरिप्रस्रवणानि च।।3.60.37।।काननानि च वेगेन भ्रमत्यपरिसंस्थितः।

Transliteration

sa vanāni nadīś śailān giriprasravaṇāni ca || 3.60.37 || kānanāni ca vegena bhramaty aparisaṃsthitaḥ |

Translation

ด้วยจิตใจไม่มั่นคง เขารีบร้อนพเนจรไปทั่วป่า ลำน้ำ ภูเขา และธารน้ำจากภูผา ตลอดจนพงไพรทึบหนา ไม่อาจหยุดนิ่งได้

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: कर्ता (Agent/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (कर्तरि), एकवचनम्; सर्वनाम (Pronoun), 3rd person demonstrative

• वनानि: forests
• वनानि: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (कर्म), बहुवचनम्

• नदीः: rivers
• नदीः: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नदी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गः, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (कर्म), बहुवचनम्

• शैलान्: mountains/hills
• शैलान्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शैल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (कर्म), बहुवचनम्

• गिरिप्रस्रवणानि: mountain-streams/springs
• गिरिप्रस्रवणानि: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गिरि (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रस्रवण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (कर्म), बहुवचनम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (गिरेः प्रस्रवणानि = mountain-streams/springs)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordinator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (निपात)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् (conjunction: 'and')

• काननानि: woods/thickets (dense forests)
• काननानि: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कानन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (कर्म), बहुवचनम्

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordinator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (निपात)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् (conjunction: 'and')

• वेगेन: with speed; swiftly
• वेगेन: करण (Instrument/Means; adverbial)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, तृतीया-विभक्तिः (करण), एकवचनम्

• भ्रमति: wanders/roams
• भ्रमति: क्रिया (Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भ्रम् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकारः (Present), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्

• अपरिसंस्थितः: unstable; not settled/steady
• अपरिसंस्थितः: कर्तृविशेषण (Qualifier of Agent)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ- (निषेध) + परिसंस्थित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √स्था धातोः, परि+सम् उपसर्गौ)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त-विशेषणम् (PPP sense), पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; कर्तृविशेषणम् (qualifies 'सः')

Context

He rushed through forests, rivers, hills and mountain streams and through dense jungles with an unstable mind.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• forests (vana/kānana)
• rivers (nadī)
• mountain streams (giri-prasravaṇa)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse reinforces dharma as relentless pursuit of what is right: even when emotionally shaken, one continues the necessary action to restore moral order.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma searches across varied terrain—woods, waters, and mountains—without pause.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Endurance—his willingness to cross hardships for Sītā shows steadfast commitment.