Shloka 2

सीतावियोगे रामस्य विलापः

Rama’s Lament and Inquiry on Sita’s Disappearance

Devanagari script

प्रस्थितं दण्डकारण्यं या मामनुजगाम ह।क्व सा लक्ष्मण वैदेही यां हित्वा त्वमिहागतः।।।।

Transliteration

prasthitaṃ daṇḍakāraṇyaṃ yā māmanujagāma ha |

kva sā lakṣmaṇa vaidehī yāṃ hitvā tvam ihāgataḥ ||

Translation

ไวเทหี นางนั้นอยู่ที่ใด ผู้ตามเรามาสู่ป่าทัณฑกะ? โอ้ลักษมณะ เหตุใดเจ้าจึงมาที่นี่ หลังละทิ้งนางไว้

Word by Word

• प्रस्थितम्: set out to / entered
• प्रस्थितम्: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र + स्था (धातु)
• Form: क्त (Past Passive Participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying दण्डकारण्यं)

• दण्डकारण्यम्: the Dandaka forest
• दण्डकारण्यम्: कर्म/गन्तव्य (Goal/Object of motion implied)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दण्डक + अरण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी/सम्बन्ध-तत्पुरुष: ‘दण्डकानां अरण्यम्’

• या: who
• या: कर्ता (Karta/Subject of anujagāma)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सम्बन्धवाचक (relative pronoun)

• माम्: me
• माम्: कर्म (Karma/Object of ‘followed’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• अनुजगाम: followed
• अनुजगाम: क्रिया (Main action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु + गम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• ह: indeed
• ह: निपात (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ह (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), emphasis/indeed

• क्व: where?
• क्व: प्रश्न (Interrogative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क्व (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (interrogative adverb)

• सा: she
• सा: कर्ता/विषय (Subject/topic of question)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• लक्ष्मण: O Lakshmana
• लक्ष्मण: सम्बोधन (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन

• वैदेही: Vaidehi
• वैदेही: कर्ता/विषय (Subject/topic)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैदेही (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; apposition to सा

• याम्: whom
• याम्: कर्म (Karma/Object of hitvā)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; सम्बन्धवाचक (relative pronoun)

• हित्वा: having left
• हित्वा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial to āgataḥ)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हा (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive), ‘having left/abandoned’

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: कर्ता (Karta/Subject of āgataḥ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: मध्यमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• इह: here
• इह: अधिकरण (Locative sense)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of place)

• आगतः: (have) come
• आगतः: क्रिया (Predicative action/state)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + गम् (धातु)
• Form: क्त (Past Passive Participle used predicatively), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘has come’

Context

The evil-minded, wicked demon calling out loudly 'O Lakshmana' must have by all means instilled fear in your mind.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Lakshmana
• Sita (Vaidehi)
• Dandaka forest (Daṇḍakāraṇya)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Accountability in duty: Rama immediately questions the breach of protective responsibility toward Sītā, implying that dharma requires vigilance and faithful guardianship of those entrusted to one’s care.

What is the narrative situation?

Lakṣmaṇa returns to Rama (having been drawn away from Sītā). Rama, not seeing Sītā with him, urgently asks where she is and why Lakṣmaṇa came alone.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rama’s steadfast commitment to Sītā (patnī-dharma) and his insistence on right conduct and responsibility in crisis.