Shloka 13

सीताहरण

विलापः / The Lament at Jatāyu and the Abduction of Sītā

Devanagari script

स तु तां राम रामेति रुदन्तीं लक्ष्मणेति च।जगामादाय चाकाशं रावणो राक्षसाधिपः।।।।

Transliteration

sa tu tāṃ rāma rām eti rudantīṃ lakṣmaṇeti ca |

jagāma ādāya cākāśaṃ rāvaṇo rākṣasādhipaḥ ||

Translation

ฝ่ายทศกัณฐ์ เจ้าแห่งรากษส ฉวยนางขึ้นแล้วเหาะสู่เวหา; นางร่ำไห้คร่ำครวญร้องว่า “พระราม! พระราม!” และ “พระลักษมณ์!”

Word by Word

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु) + त्वा
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्तः (Gerund)

• सीताम्: Sita
• सीताम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: सीता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्

• परामृष्टाम्: assaulted/abducted
• परामृष्टाम्: कर्म (qualifier)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परा + मृश् (धातु) + क्त
• Form: भूतकृदन्तः, स्त्रीलिङ्गे, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम्

• दण्डकारण्यवासिनः: dwellers of the Dandaka forest
• दण्डकारण्यवासिनः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दण्डक (प्रातिपदिक) + अरण्य (प्रातिपदिक) + वासिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, बहुवचनम्; सप्तमी-तत्पुरुषः (daṇḍakāraṇye vāsinaḥ)

• रावणस्य: of Ravana
• रावणस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, षष्ठी-विभक्तिः (Genitive), एकवचनम्

• विनाशम्: destruction
• विनाशम्: कर्म (Object of 'बुद्ध्वा')
• Type: Noun
• Root: विनाश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्ययम्

• प्राप्तम्: attained/come about
• प्राप्तम्: कर्म (qualifier)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + आप् (धातु) + क्त
• Form: भूतकृदन्तः (Past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया/प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; अत्र 'विनाशम्' इत्यस्य विशेषणम् (विनाशं प्राप्तम् = destruction that has come)

• बुद्ध्वा: having understood
• बुद्ध्वा: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: बुध् (धातु) + त्वा
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्तः (Gerund)

• यदृच्छया: by chance / as it happened
• यदृच्छया: करण/प्रकार (Manner)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यदृच्छा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; क्रियाविशेषणार्थे (instrumental of manner)

Context

While Sita was crying, 'O Rama, O Lakshmana', Ravana, lord of the demons, carried her back into the sky.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Sītā
• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Ākāśa (sky)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse highlights adharma as coercion and violation of another’s freedom; Sītā’s cry invokes rightful protectors, underscoring that dharma stands with the vulnerable against tyranny.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa carries Sītā away through the sky as she calls out to Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa for rescue.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sītā’s steadfast fidelity and moral clarity—calling for Rāma—contrasts with Rāvaṇa’s lawless power.