Shloka 4

मारीचोपदेश

प्रतिषेधः / Ravana Rejects Maricha’s Counsel and Orders the Golden Deer Deception

Devanagari script

त्वद्वाक्यैर्न तु मां शक्यं भेत्तुं रामस्य संयुगे।पापशीलस्य मूर्खस्य मानुषस्य विशेषतः।।3.40.4।।

Transliteration

tvad-vākyair na tu māṃ śakyaṃ bhettuṃ rāmasya saṃyuge |

pāpaśīlasya mūrkhasya mānuṣasya viśeṣataḥ ||3.40.4||

Translation

วาจาของเจ้าไม่อาจเปลี่ยนใจข้าจากการเผชิญหน้ากับพระรามในการรบได้ พระรามผู้ที่ข้าเห็นว่าเป็นคนบาปและโง่เขลา และเหนือสิ่งอื่นใด เป็นเพียงมนุษย์ธรรมดา

Word by Word

• tvat-vākyaiḥ: by your words
• tvat-vākyaiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + vākya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘your words’); Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle (निषेध-निपात)

• tu: but/however
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/वाक्यालङ्कार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction/particle (अवधारण/विरोध)

• mām: me
• mām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun; Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• śakyam: possible
• śakyam: Pradhāna-viśeṣaṇa (विधेय-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śakya (प्रातिपदिक; from √śak)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); impersonal predicate ‘possible’

• bhettum: to break/penetrate
• bhettum: Prayojana/Anvaya (प्रयोजन/अन्वय)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhid (धातु)
• Form: Infinitive (तुमुन्)

• rāmasya: of Rama
• rāmasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• saṃyuge: in battle
• saṃyuge: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saṃyuga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• pāpa-śīlasya: of sinful character
• pāpa-śīlasya: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pāpa (प्रातिपदिक) + śīla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष sense: ‘sinful-natured’); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन); qualifying mānuṣasya

• mūrkhasya: of a fool
• mūrkhasya: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mūrkha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन); qualifying mānuṣasya

• mānuṣasya: of a human (man)
• mānuṣasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mānuṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• viśeṣataḥ: especially
• viśeṣataḥ: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: viśeṣatas (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय)

Context

O Maricha, the words addressed to me are not appropriate.Your advice is extremely fruitless like a seed sown in saline, barren soil.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Mārīca
• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma requires right discernment (viveka) about virtue and power. Misjudging the righteous as ‘sinful’ and acting from ego leads to adharma and self-destruction.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa refuses Mārīca’s attempt to deter him, insisting on confronting Rāma and belittling him as only human.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The implied virtue is discernment and respect for righteousness; Rāvaṇa instead displays arrogance and contempt.