Shloka 13

आरण्यकाण्डे चतुस्त्रिंशः सर्गः

Śūrpaṇakhā Reports to Rāvaṇa; Rāma’s Might and Sītā’s Description

Devanagari script

अमर्षी दुर्जयो जेता विक्रान्तो बुद्धिमान्बली।रामस्य दक्षिणो बाहुर्नित्यं प्राणो बहिश्चरः।।।।

Transliteration

amarṣī durjayo jetā vikrānto buddhimān balī | rāmasya dakṣiṇo bāhur nityaṃ prāṇo bahiścaraḥ ||

Translation

เขาเดือดดาลต่อความอยุติธรรม ยากจะปราบ เป็นผู้มีชัย กล้าหาญ รอบรู้ และทรงพละกำลัง เป็นดั่งแขนขวาของพระราม ประหนึ่งชีวิตของพระองค์ที่เคลื่อนไหวอยู่ภายนอกเสมอ

Word by Word

• amarṣī: impatient/irascible
• amarṣī: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: amarṣin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; lakṣmaṇaḥ (implicit) विशेषणम्

• durjayaḥ: invincible
• durjayaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dur-jaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय (‘hard to conquer’); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• jetā: conqueror
• jetā: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √ji (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (तृच्/agent noun); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• vikrāntaḥ: valiant/striding forth
• vikrāntaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vi-√kram (धातु)
• Form: PPP/क्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• buddhimān: intelligent
• buddhimān: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: buddhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: मतुप्-प्रत्ययान्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• balī: strong
• balī: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: इन्-प्रत्ययान्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• rāmasya: of Rāma
• rāmasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• dakṣiṇaḥ: right
• dakṣiṇaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dakṣiṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; bāhuḥ-विशेषणम्

• bāhuḥ: arm
• bāhuḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bāhu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• nityam: always
• nityam: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nitya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb)

• prāṇaḥ: life-breath/life
• prāṇaḥ: Pradhāna (प्रधान/Predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; bāhuḥ इत्यस्य उपमा/समानााधिकरण-भावः

• bahiścaraḥ: moving outside (ever active)
• bahiścaraḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bahis (अव्यय) + cara (√car, धातु; प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (‘moving outside’); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; bāhuḥ/prāṇaḥ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

Context

He is impatient, invincible, victorious, bold, intelligent and strong. He is even the right hand of Rama, his outer life.

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa
• Rāma
• Śūrpaṇakhā
• Rāvaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Righteous leadership is sustained by loyal, capable support; dharma is not solitary but upheld through trusted allies who act as one’s strength.

What is the narrative situation?

Śūrpaṇakhā intensifies her description of Lakṣmaṇa’s prowess to caution Rāvaṇa about the brothers’ combined power.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Protective strength joined with intelligent service—Lakṣmaṇa as the active extension of Rāma’s will.