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Shloka 24

शूर्पणखाया रावणं प्रति नीत्युपदेशः

Surpanakha’s Political Admonition to Ravana

Devanagari script

इति स्वदोषान् परिकीर्तितांस्तया समीक्ष्य बुद्ध्या क्षणदाचरेश्वरः।धनेन दर्पेण बलेन चान्वितो विचिन्तयामास चिरं स रावणः।।।।

Transliteration

iti svadoṣān parikīrtitāṃs tayā samīkṣya buddhyā kṣaṇadācareśvaraḥ | dhanena darpeṇa balena cānvito vicintayāmāsa ciraṃ sa rāvaṇaḥ ||

Translation

ครั้นพิจารณาด้วยปัญญาถึงโทษทั้งหลายที่นางได้กล่าวไว้แล้ว ราวณะ—เจ้าแห่งเหล่าผู้ท่องราตรี—ผู้พรั่งพร้อมด้วยทรัพย์ ความทะนง และกำลัง ก็ครุ่นคิดอยู่นาน

Word by Word
इतिthus
इति:
सम्बन्ध (Discourse marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formइत्यादि-परामर्शक-अव्यय (quotative particle)
स्व-दोषान्his own faults
स्व-दोषान्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootस्व (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + दोष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः ('own' + 'faults')
परिकीर्तितान्mentioned/described
परिकीर्तितान्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि√कीर्त् (धातु) → परिकीर्तित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त/PPP)
तयाby her
तया:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
समीक्ष्यhaving reviewed/considered
समीक्ष्य:
पूर्वकालक्रिया (Prior action)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्+ई√क्ष् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (absolutive/gerund)
बुद्ध्याwith (his) intellect
बुद्ध्या:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
क्षणदा-चर-ईश्वरःlord of the night-walkers (Rākṣasas)
क्षणदा-चर-ईश्वरः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षणदा (प्रातिपदिक) + चर (प्रातिपदिक) + ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः ('night' + 'walker' + 'lord')
धनेनby wealth
धनेन:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootधन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
दर्पेणby pride/arrogance
दर्पेण:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootदर्प (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
बलेनby strength
बलेन:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootबल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
चand
च:
सम्बन्ध (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
अन्वितःendowed/possessed (of)
अन्वितः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootअनु√इ (धातु) → अन्वित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त/PPP)
विचिन्तयामासpondered/considered
विचिन्तयामास:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootवि√चिन्त् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; परिप्रयोगः (periphrastic perfect sense: 'began to ponder')
चिरम्for a long time
चिरम्:
कालाधिकरण (Time adjunct)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचिर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)
सःhe
सः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
रावणःRāvaṇa
रावणः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootरावण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
Context

Having created enmity with self-respecting persons like gods, gandharvas and demons, with a fickle mind and without spies how long can you continue as king ?

Characters & Entities
R
Rāvaṇa
Ś
Śūrpaṇakhā
R
rākṣasa (night-walkers)

FAQs

Even when counsel is heard, attachment to wealth, pride, and power can cloud dharmic correction; true dharma requires humility and reform, not mere reflection.

After Śūrpaṇakhā’s admonition, the narration describes Rāvaṇa pausing to think, setting up his next decision in the plot.

The verse contrasts needed humility with Rāvaṇa’s endowments—wealth, pride, and strength—hinting at the danger of dṛpa (arrogance).

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