Shloka 46

अकम्पनवृत्तान्तः

Akampana Reports Janasthana; Ravana Plans Sita’s Abduction

Devanagari script

विशुद्धवंशाभिजनाग्रहस्त स्तेजोमदस्संस्थितदोर्विषाणः।उदीक्षितुं रावण नेह युक्तः स संयुगे राघवगन्धहस्ती।।3.31.46।।

Transliteration

viśuddha-vaṃśābhijanāgra-hastaḥ tejo-madaḥ saṃsthita-dor-viṣāṇaḥ | udīkṣituṃ rāvaṇa neha yuktaḥ sa saṃyuge rāghava-gandha-hastī || 3.31.46 ||

Translation

โอ้ราวณะ ช้างศึกคือราฆวะนั้นไม่สมควรที่เจ้าจะเข้าประจันหน้า ณ ที่นี้; วงศ์ตระกูลอันบริสุทธิ์เป็นดุจงวงอันทรงพลัง เดชานุภาพอันรุ่งเรืองเป็นดุจน้ำมันมัทท์ และแขนทั้งสองอันมั่นคงเป็นดุจงา ยืนพร้อมเพื่อสงคราม

Word by Word

• असौ: that (one)
• असौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom sg)

• रण-अन्तः: battle-front
• रण-अन्तः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण (प्रातिपदिक) + अन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः ‘रणस्य अन्तः’ (battle-front/edge)

• स्थिति-संधि-वालः: whose tail is at the waist-joint (like a lion)
• स्थिति-संधि-वालः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्थिति (प्रातिपदिक) + संधि (प्रातिपदिक) + वाल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः—‘यस्य वालः (पुच्छः) स्थितिसन्धौ (कट्यां) भवति’ (metaphor)

• विदग्ध-रक्षः-मृग-हा: slayer of the demon-deer (learned demons)
• विदग्ध-रक्षः-मृग-हा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विदग्ध (प्रातिपदिक) + रक्षस् (प्रातिपदिक) + मृग (प्रातिपदिक) + हन् (धातु→हा)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः ‘रक्षोमृगान् हन्ति’ + विशेषण ‘विदग्ध’

• नृ-सिंहः: man-lion
• नृ-सिंहः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृ (प्रातिपदिक) + सिंह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; कर्मधारयः ‘नरः सिंह इव’

• सुप्तः: asleep
• सुप्तः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वप् (धातु)
• Form: क्त (PPP used adjectivally), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; ‘asleep’

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया एकवचन (Instr sg)

• बोधयितुम्: to awaken
• बोधयितुम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: बुध् (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन् (infinitive), अव्यय; णिच् (causative) ‘to awaken’

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय

• युक्तः: proper
• युक्तः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युज् (धातु)
• Form: क्त (PPP used adjectivally), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; ‘proper/fit’

• शर-अङ्ग-पूर्णः: whose limbs are full of arrows
• शर-अङ्ग-पूर्णः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शर (प्रातिपदिक) + अङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक) + पूर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः—‘यस्य अङ्गानि शरैः पूर्णानि’ (metaphor: arrows as nails)

• निशित-असि-दंष्ट्रः: whose fangs are like sharp swords
• निशित-असि-दंष्ट्रः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निशित (प्रातिपदिक) + असि (प्रातिपदिक) + दंष्ट्रा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः—‘यस्य दंष्ट्राः निशितासयः इव’

Context

Rama is like a mighty tusker. His pure and high birth is his trunk. His well-built and strong arms are his tusks. His brilliance in his ichor. Nobody can face this intoxicated elephant in battle.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Rāghava (Rāma)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is tied to recognizing true strength rooted in virtue: Rāma’s power is presented as arising from purity of lineage and righteous valor, warning that attacking such a person invites moral and practical ruin.

What is the narrative situation?

Mārīca describes Rāma’s formidable nature through an elephant metaphor to deter Rāvaṇa from provoking him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s kṣātra-tejas (royal martial radiance) grounded in nobility and disciplined power.