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Shloka 16

खरवधः — The Slaying of Khara

Janasthana Battle Climax

एवमुक्त्वा ततो रामं संरुध्य भ्रुकुटीं ततः।स ददर्श महासालमविदूरे निशाचरः।।।।रणे प्रहरणस्यार्थे सर्वतो ह्यवलोकयन्।

evam uktvā tato rāmaṃ saṃrudhya bhrukuṭīṃ tataḥ | sa dadarśa mahāsālam avidūre niśācaraḥ || 3.30.16 ||

raṇe praharaṇasyārthe sarvato hy avalokayan |

ครั้นกล่าวดังนั้นแก่พระรามแล้ว ราตรีจรผู้เป็นยักษ์ก็ขมวดคิ้วทำหน้าบึ้ง จากนั้นกวาดตามองรอบทิศในสนามรบเพื่อหาอาวุธจะฟาด ก็แลเห็นต้นศาลใหญ่ตั้งอยู่ไม่ไกล

एवम्thus
एवम्:
Prakara (प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकार-अव्यय
उक्त्वाhaving spoken
उक्त्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु) → उक्त्वा (कृदन्त)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्यय (Gerund/त्वान्त), पूर्वकालिक-क्रिया (having spoken)
ततःthen
ततः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; तस्मात्/अनन्तरम् (then)
रामम्Rama
रामम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootराम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन
संरुध्यhaving drawn together
संरुध्य:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootसं + रुध् (धातु) → संरुध्य (कृदन्त)
Formल्यप्-प्रत्यय (Absolutive/ल्यबन्त), 'having contracted/drawn together'
भ्रुकुटीम्the eyebrows/frown
भ्रुकुटीम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रुकुटी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
ततःthen
ततः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अनन्तरम् (thereupon)
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
ददर्शsaw
ददर्श:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
महा-सालम्a huge sal tree
महा-सालम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमहा (प्रातिपदिक) + साल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (महान् सालः)
अविदूरेnearby
अविदूरे:
Desha-adhikarana (देश-अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअविदूर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययवत्-प्रयोग; सप्तमी-एकवचनरूपेण देश-अव्यय (nearby)
निशाचरःnight-roamer (demon)
निशाचरः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनिशाचर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (निशायां चरति)
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootरण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन
प्रहरणस्यof a weapon/for striking
प्रहरणस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रहरण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन
अर्थेfor the purpose
अर्थे:
Prayojana-adhikarana (प्रयोजन-अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative; purpose sense), एकवचन
सर्वतःall around
सर्वतः:
Desha-adhikarana (देश-अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वतः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देश-अव्यय (all around)
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (indeed)
अवलोकयन्looking around
अवलोकयन्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootअव + लोक् (धातु) → अवलोकयत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; शतृ-प्रत्यय (present active participle), विशेषणम् (सः/निशाचरः)

Having said thus to Rama with a frown on his face, Khara, looking around for something to strike him with, saw a huge sal tree not very far.

K
Khara (niśācaraḥ, implied as the acting subject from context)
R
Rāma

FAQs

Unchecked anger seeks instruments of harm: the verse illustrates how hostility escalates, contrasting with dharma’s call for restraint and right intention.

After speaking angrily, Khara looks for something to use as a weapon and notices a large śāla tree nearby.

The implied virtue is vigilance and preparedness in conflict; narratively, it also highlights the opponent’s aggressive intent.