Shloka 24

शूर्पणखाया आगमनम्

Surpanakha Approaches Rama

Devanagari script

प्रवृद्धनिद्रश्च सदा कुम्भकर्णो महाबलः।विभीषणस्तु धर्मात्मा न तु राक्षसचेष्टितः।।।।प्रख्यातवीर्यौ च रणे भ्रातरौ खरदूषणौ।

Transliteration

pravṛddhanidraś ca sadā kumbhakarṇo mahābalaḥ | vibhīṣaṇas tu dharmātmā na tu rākṣasaceṣṭitaḥ || prakhyātavīryau ca raṇe bhrātarau kharadūṣaṇau ||

Translation

กุมภกรรณก็เป็นพี่ชายของข้า ผู้มีกำลังมหาศาล และมักจมอยู่ในนิทราอันหนักหน่วงเสมอ ส่วนวิภีษณะนั้นเป็นผู้มีธรรม มิได้ประพฤติอย่างยักษ์ และในสนามรบ พี่น้องของข้า ขระและทูษณะ เลื่องชื่อด้วยเดชานุภาพ

Word by Word

• tān: them
• tān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचनम्

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्

• samatikrāntā: having passed beyond
• samatikrāntā: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam + ati + kram (धातु) + tā (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त/PPP), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; अर्थः—"having passed beyond/transgressed"

• rāma: O Rama
• rāma: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचनम्

• tvā: you
• tvā: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: मध्यमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, द्वितीया, एकवचनम् (छान्दस/वैदिक रूप)

• pūrvadarśanāt: from (your) first sight
• pūrvadarśanāt: Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pūrva + darśana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचनम्; तत्पुरुषः—"from the first sight"

• samupetā: approached
• samupetā: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam + upa + i (धातु) + tā (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त/PPP), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; अर्थः—"approached"

• asmi: am
• asmi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: as (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपदम्, उत्तमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्

• bhāvena: with feeling; in intention
• bhāvena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhāva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचनम्

• bhartāram: husband
• bhartāram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhartṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्

• puruṣottamam: best of men
• puruṣottamam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: puruṣa + uttama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-प्रायः—"best among men"

Context

Kumbhakarna is another brother of mine. He is very strong. He is always in deep sleep. Vibhisna another brother. He is righteous free from any demoniac trait. My other two brothers are Khara and Dusana who are wellknown heroes of war.

Characters & Entities

• Kumbhakarṇa
• Vibhīṣaṇa
• Khara
• Dūṣaṇa
• Śūrpaṇakhā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is presented as a personal choice not guaranteed by birth: Vibhīṣaṇa is singled out as righteous despite being among rākṣasas.

What is the narrative situation?

Śūrpaṇakhā lists her powerful brothers, distinguishing Vibhīṣaṇa as righteous and others as formidable.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Vibhīṣaṇa’s righteousness (dharmātmā) as an inner virtue independent of clan identity.