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Shloka 8

हेमन्तवर्णनम् तथा भरतधर्मनिष्ठा-चिन्तनम्

Winter Description and Reflection on Bharata’s Devotion

सेवमाने दृढं सूर्ये दिशमन्तक सेविताम्।विहीनतिलकेव स्त्री नोत्तरा दिक्प्रकाशते।।।।

sevamāne dṛḍhaṃ sūrye diśam antaka-sevitām |

vihīnatilakeva strī nottarā dik prakāśate ||

เมื่อสุริยะมั่นคงเสวยอยู่ในทิศใต้—ทิศที่ถือว่าเป็นแดนซึ่งยมเทพผู้เป็นความตายสถิตดูแล—ทิศเหนือที่ปราศจากพระองค์จึงไม่สว่างไสว ดุจนางสตรีไร้ติลกบนหน้าผาก.

सेवमानेwhen (the sun) is attending/turning
सेवमाने:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsev (धातु) + śānac (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
FormPresent middle participle (वर्तमानकाले आत्मनेपदे शानच्), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; agreeing with 'sūrye' (when the sun is attending/turning to...)
दृढम्firmly, intensely
दृढम्:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootdṛḍha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAdverbial accusative (क्रियाविशेषणरूपेण द्वितीया) meaning 'firmly/strongly'
सूर्येwhen/with the sun
सूर्ये:
Kāla/Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsūrya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular
दिशम्direction
दिशम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdiś (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
अन्तक-सेविताम्frequented by Yama (south)
अन्तक-सेविताम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootantaka-sevita (प्रातिपदिक; sevita from √sev)
FormFeminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; tatpuruṣa: antakena sevitā (served by Antaka/Yama) qualifying 'diśam'
विहीन-तिलकाwithout a tilaka-mark
विहीन-तिलका:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootvihīna-tilaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; tatpuruṣa: vihīnam tilakam yasyāḥ (devoid of tilaka)
इवlike
इव:
Upamā (उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormSimile particle (उपमा-अव्यय)
स्त्रीa woman
स्त्री:
Upamāna (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootstrī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; upamāna
not
:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-अव्यय)
उत्तराnorthern
उत्तरा:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootuttara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; qualifying 'dik'
दिक्direction
दिक्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdiś (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
प्रकाशतेshines, appears
प्रकाशते:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-kāś (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), Ātmanepada, 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular

And then poised, they offered libations of water to their forefathers and gods and prayer to the rising Sun.

R
Rāma
L
Lakṣmaṇa
S
Sūrya (Sun)
A
Antaka (Death)
U
uttarā diś (north)

FAQs

Dharma is framed cosmically: even light and directionality follow an order; recognizing such order cultivates humility and steadiness amid change.

Rāma poetically explains the sun’s southern course and its felt effect on the brightness of the northern quarter.

Poetic insight joined to restraint: Rāma interprets nature without excess, using imagery to communicate clearly.