Shloka 7

हेमन्तवर्णनम् तथा भरतधर्मनिष्ठा-चिन्तनम्

Winter Description and Reflection on Bharata’s Devotion

Devanagari script

प्राज्यकामा जनपदास्सम्पन्नतरगोरसाः।विचरन्ति महीपाला यात्रास्था विजिगीषवः।।।।

Transliteration

prājyakāmā janapadāḥ sampannataragorasāḥ |

vicaranti mahīpālā yātrāsthā vijigīṣavaḥ ||

Translation

ชาวชนบทผู้ปรารถนาทั้งหลายได้รับความสมบูรณ์ และมั่งคั่งด้วยน้ำนมเนยใส จึงอยู่เย็นเป็นสุขในกาลนี้; ส่วนพระราชาผู้ใคร่ชัยชนะก็เสด็จออกเดินทัพไปตามกาล.

Word by Word

• प्राज्य-कामाः: desiring abundance
• प्राज्य-कामाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prājya-kāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; tatpuruṣa: prājyam kāmayante (desiring abundance)

• जनपदाः: country-folk/regions
• जनपदाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: janapada (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural

• सम्पन्नतर-गोरसाः: rich in cattle-produce (milk)
• सम्पन्नतर-गोरसाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sampannatara-gorasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; tatpuruṣa: sampannataraḥ gorasaḥ yeṣām (having more abundant milk/curd etc.)

• विचरन्ति: move about, roam
• विचरन्ति: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-car (धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural

• महीपालाः: kings
• महीपालाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahī-pāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; tatpuruṣa: mahyāḥ pālāḥ (kings, protectors of earth)

• यात्रा-स्थाः: on campaign
• यात्रा-स्थाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yātrā-stha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; tatpuruṣa: yātrāyām sthitāḥ (set out on expedition)

• विजिगीषवः: desirous of conquest
• विजिगीषवः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vi-ji-gīṣu (प्रातिपदिक; desiderative noun/adjective)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; from desiderative of √ji (to conquer): jijigiṣu > vijigīṣu

Context

Expressing his grief in such manner, Rama reached Godavari where he took his bath with his brother and Sita.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• janapada (countryside)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It gestures to rāja-dharma and social order: prosperity among subjects and purposeful action by rulers are seen as features of a well-timed, well-ordered world.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma continues depicting the season’s effects on society—agricultural plenty and the customary time for royal campaigns.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Balanced awareness: seeing both household prosperity and political duty as parts of the same moral landscape.