Shloka 33

हेमन्तवर्णनम् तथा भरतधर्मनिष्ठा-चिन्तनम्

Winter Description and Reflection on Bharata’s Devotion

Devanagari script

जितस्स्वर्गस्तव भ्रात्रा भरतेन महात्मना।वनस्थमपि तापस्ये यस्त्वामनुविधीयते।।।।

Transliteration

jitas svargas tava bhrātrā bharatena mahātmanā | vanastham api tāpasye yas tvām anuvidhīyate ||

Translation

สวรรค์ย่อมเป็นของพี่น้องของพระองค์ คือภรตะผู้มีจิตยิ่งใหญ่ เพราะแม้พระองค์พำนักอยู่ในพงไพร เขาก็ยังติดตามรับใช้และดำเนินตามวิถีตบะของพระองค์ด้วยความซื่อสัตย์มั่นคง

Word by Word

• न: not
• न: Nishedha (निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)

• पित्र्यम्: the father’s (path/side)
• पित्र्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृय (प्रातिपदिक; पितृ-सम्बन्धि)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• अनुवर्तन्ते: follow
• अनुवर्तन्ते: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु + वृत् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद

• मातृकम्: the mother’s (path/side)
• मातृकम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातृक (प्रातिपदिक; मातृ-सम्बन्धि)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• द्विपदाः: humans
• द्विपदाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विपद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• इति: thus
• इति: Ukti-paryavasāna (उक्ति)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; वाक्य-समाप्ति/उद्धरणसूचक (quotative particle)

• ख्यातः: well-known
• ख्यातः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ख्या (धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त/क्त (PPP); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• लोक-प्रवादः: a popular saying
• लोक-प्रवादः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रवाद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (लोके प्रवादः)

• अयम्: this
• अयम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• भरतेन: by Bharata
• भरतेन: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• अन्यथा: otherwise
• अन्यथा: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अन्यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: otherwise)

• कृतः: made/done
• कृतः: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त/क्त (PPP) ‘कृत’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Context

Although you dwell in the forest, your great brother Bharata has won the kingdom of heaven by faithfully adopting your asceticism.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Rāma
• Forest (vana)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Righteousness is imitative fidelity to a rightful path: Bharata earns merit by aligning his life with Rāma’s dharmic vow rather than exploiting power.

What is the narrative situation?

Lakṣmaṇa explains that Bharata, though not in exile, has chosen an austere lifestyle in sympathy with and obedience to Rāma’s exile-vow.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s moral loyalty (anugamana)—choosing principle over comfort and treating Rāma’s suffering as his own.