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Shloka 32

हेमन्तवर्णनम् तथा भरतधर्मनिष्ठा-चिन्तनम्

Winter Description and Reflection on Bharata’s Devotion

पद्मपत्रेक्षणो वीरश्श्यामो निरुदरो महान्।धर्मज्ञ स्सत्यवादी च ह्रीनिषेधो जितेन्द्रियः।।3.16.31।।प्रियाभिभाषी मधुरो दीर्घबाहुररिन्दमः।सन्त्यज्य विविधान्भोगानार्यं सर्वात्मना श्रितः।।3.16.32।।

padmapatrekṣaṇo vīraḥ śyāmo nirudaro mahān | dharmajñaḥ satyavādī ca hrīniṣedho jitendriyaḥ || priyābhibhāṣī madhuro dīrghabāhur arindamaḥ | santyajya vividhān bhogān āryaṃ sarvātmanā śritaḥ ||

ถ้อยคำนี้กล่าวย้ำคำสรรเสริญเดิมว่า ภรตะเป็นวีรบุรุษ ดวงตาดุจกลีบบัว ผิวเข้ม สง่างาม ไร้ความหยาบคาย มีหิริโอตตัปปะ สำรวมอินทรีย์ รู้ธรรม และสัตย์วาจา พูดจาไพเราะอ่อนหวาน แขนยาว ปราบศัตรูได้; เขาละทิ้งความสุขสำราญนานาประการ แล้วอุทิศตนทั้งสิ้นเข้าพึ่งพระองค์โดยแท้

जितःwon
जितः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootजि (धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त/क्त (PPP); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
स्वर्गःheaven
स्वर्गः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
तवyour
तव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
भ्रात्राby (your) brother
भ्रात्रा:
Karaṇa/Agent-Instrument (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
भरतेनby Bharata
भरतेन:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootभरत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
महात्मनाby the great-souled one
महात्मना:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमहात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक; महा+आत्मन्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; समासः—कर्मधारयः (महान् आत्मा यस्य)
वनस्थम्(you) dwelling in the forest
वनस्थम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootवनस्थ (प्रातिपदिक; वन + स्थ)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (वने स्थितम्)
अपिeven
अपि:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधान/समुच्चयार्थक (particle: even/also)
तापस्येin ascetic practice
तापस्ये:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootतापस्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
यःwho
यः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सम्बन्धक-सर्वनाम
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
अनुविधीयतेfollows/serves faithfully
अनुविधीयते:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअनु + विधा/विध् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive sense): ‘is followed/served’

He has a blue complexion, a pair of eyes like lotus petals, a thin waist and long arms. He is selfrestrained, softspoken, sweettempered and truthful. He knows his duty and maintains a low profile. A subduer of enemies, he is heroic and great. Such Bharata has given up the diverse pleasures of life and has surrendered himself to you with all his soul.

B
Bharata
R
Rāma

FAQs

The ethical focus remains steadfast character: dharma and truth are not occasional acts but consistent traits worthy of repetition and emphasis.

A repetition/duplication occurs in the Southern Recension presentation, reinforcing Lakṣmaṇa’s praise of Bharata before the dialogue moves on.

Bharata’s unwavering self-restraint and loyalty, framed as a complete surrender to righteous duty.