Shloka 27

हेमन्तवर्णनम् तथा भरतधर्मनिष्ठा-चिन्तनम्

Winter Description and Reflection on Bharata’s Devotion

Devanagari script

अस्मिंस्तु पुरुषव्याघ्रः काले दुःखसमन्वितः।तपश्चरति धर्मात्मा त्वद्भक्त्या भरतः पुरे।।।।

Transliteration

asmiṃs tu kāle puruṣavyāghraḥ duḥkhasamanvitaḥ |

tapaś carati dharmātmā tvadbhaktyā bharataḥ pure ||

Translation

ในกาลเช่นนี้ พระภรตะ—ผู้ทรงธรรม เป็นพยัคฆ์ท่ามกลางบุรุษ—ผู้ถูกความโศกครอบงำ ย่อมกำลังบำเพ็ญตบะอยู่ในนคร ด้วยภักติอันมีต่อพระองค์

Word by Word

• अस्मिन्: in this
• अस्मिन्: अधिकरण (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative/सप्तमी), एकवचन

• तु: indeed/but
• तु: सम्बन्ध (Discourse particle/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधान/विरोधार्थक-निपात

• पुरुष-व्याघ्रः: tiger among men
• पुरुष-व्याघ्रः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुष (प्रातिपदिक) + व्याघ्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (पुरुषेषु व्याघ्रः = best among men)

• काले: at the time
• काले: अधिकरण (Time/कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• दुःख-समन्वितः: afflicted with sorrow
• दुःख-समन्वितः: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुःख (प्रातिपदिक) + समन्वित (कृदन्त; √इ (धातु) + सम्+अनु + क्त; 'endowed with')
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (दुःखेन समन्वितः)

• तपः: penance
• तपः: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• चरति: practises/performs
• चरति: क्रिया (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √चर् (धातु)
• Form: लट्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• धर्म-आत्मा: the righteous one
• धर्म-आत्मा: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म (प्रातिपदिक) + आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (धर्मः आत्मा यस्य सः)

• त्वद्-भक्त्या: out of devotion to you
• त्वद्-भक्त्या: हेतु (Cause/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम/प्रातिपदिक) + भक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (त्वयि भक्तिः)

• भरतः: Bharata
• भरतः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• पुरे: in the city/at home
• पुरे: अधिकरण (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

Context

At this time, righteous Bharata, the best among men, with his devotion to you must be sadly performing penance at his residence.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Ayodhya (implied by pure, “in the city”)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is shown as loyal devotion aligned with truth: Bharata honors Rama’s rightful status and acts in self-denial rather than enjoying power gained through injustice.

What is the narrative situation?

While in the forest, Rama thinks of Bharata back in Ayodhya and imagines him performing austerities in grief and devotion.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s bhakti and integrity—refusing comfort and acting as a guardian of righteousness rather than a claimant of pleasure.