Shloka 66

पञ्चाप्सरो-सरः कथनम् तथा अगस्त्याश्रममार्गनिर्देशः

Panchapsara Lake Account and Directions to Agastya

Devanagari script

अथ तस्य वचश्श्रुत्वा भ्रातुर्निधनसंश्रयम्।।।।प्रधर्षयितुमारेभे मुनिं क्रोधान्निशाचरः।

Transliteration

atha tasya vacaḥ śrutvā bhrātur nidhanasaṃśrayam | pradharṣayitum ārebhe muniṃ krodhān niśācaraḥ || 3.11.66 ||

Translation

ครั้นได้ยินวาจานั้นซึ่งยืนยันความพินาศของพี่น้อง ผู้ท่องราตรี (อิลวละ) ก็เดือดดาลด้วยโทสะ และเริ่มเข้าทำร้ายมุนี

Word by Word

• अथ: then
• अथ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connecting particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अनुक्रम/आरम्भसूचक (sequence/then)

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग; षष्ठी (6th/Genitive); एकवचन (Singular)

• वचः: words/speech
• वचः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative); एकवचन

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण/absolutive of prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund); पूर्वकाल (prior action)

• भ्रातुः: of (his) brother
• भ्रातुः: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भ्रातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी (Genitive); एकवचन

• निधनसंश्रयम्: connected with death
• निधनसंश्रयम्: Karma (कर्म; as qualifier of वचः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निधन + संश्रय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (determinative); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (Accusative); एकवचन; (वचः इति विशेषणम्)

• प्रधर्षयितुम्: to assault/attack
• प्रधर्षयितुम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/infinitive of purpose)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + धृष् (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive); प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य (purpose)

• आरेभे: began
• आरेभे: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + रभ् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect); प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person); एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• मुनिम्: the sage
• मुनिम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुनि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (Accusative); एकवचन

• क्रोधात्: from anger/out of wrath
• क्रोधात्: Hetu (हेतु/ablative of cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रोध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative); एकवचन; हेतौ (cause)

• निशाचरः: the night-ranger (demon)
• निशाचरः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निशाचर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन

Context

On hearing the news of the death of his brother, the demon Ilvala, out of anger, started attacking the sage.

Characters & Entities

• Ilvala (niśācara)
• Agastya
• Vātāpi (as ‘brother’)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Uncontrolled krodha leads to adharma; instead of accepting the result of wrongdoing, Ilvala chooses further violence against a righteous sage.

What is the narrative situation?

After learning Vātāpi is dead, Ilvala reacts with rage and moves to attack Agastya.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

By contrast, the virtue upheld by the sage is kṣamā/śama (self-control), while Ilvala embodies its opposite.