Shloka 5

The Greatness of Prayāga: Confluence Theology and the Totality of Tīrthas

Devanagari script

तपनस्य सुता देवी त्रिषु लोकेषु विश्रुता । गंगायमुनया सार्धं संस्थिता लोकभाविनी

Transliteration

tapanasya sutā devī triṣu lokeṣu viśrutā | gaṃgāyamunayā sārdhaṃ saṃsthitā lokabhāvinī

Translation

เทวีผู้เป็นธิดาแห่งตปณะ (สุริยะ) เลื่องลือในไตรโลกา สถิตร่วมกับคงคาและยมุนา เป็นผู้ค้ำจุนและประทานพรแก่โลกทั้งหลาย

Word by Word

• तपनस्य: of Tapana (the Sun)
• तपनस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive/6th), एकवचन

• सुता: daughter
• सुता: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन

• देवी: goddess
• देवी: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• त्रिषु: in the three
• त्रिषु: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, सप्तमी (Locative/7th), बहुवचन; संख्यावाचक विशेषण

• लोकेषु: worlds
• लोकेषु: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative/7th), बहुवचन

• विश्रुता: well-known
• विश्रुता: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि + √श्रु (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past participle/क्त), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• गङ्गायमुनया: with Gaṅgā and Yamunā
• गङ्गायमुनया: Sahakāraka (सह/सहयोग)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गङ्गा (प्रातिपदिक) + यमुना (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्व-समास (copulative), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (as compound stem)

• सार्धम्: together with
• सार्धम्: Sahakāraka (सह/सहयोग)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सार्धम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, सहार्थक (indeclinable meaning 'together with')

• संस्थिता: situated, established
• संस्थिता: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + √स्था (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past participle/क्त), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• लोकभाविनी: benefactress of the world
• लोकभाविनी: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक) + भाविनी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (determinative: 'world-benefiting/producing'), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

Speaker

Unspecified (narratorial voice within the Svarga-khaṇḍa context)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: tirtha

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: गंगायमुनया = गङ्गा + यमुना (dvandva) + तृतीया एकवचन; no external sandhi beyond compound formation.

Characters & Entities

• Tapaṇa (Sun)
• Gaṅgā
• Yamunā

FAQs

Who is described as the “daughter of Tapaṇa (the Sun)” in this verse?

The verse refers to a goddess renowned across the three worlds as the Sun’s daughter, portrayed as abiding in association with the sacred rivers Gaṅgā and Yamunā; the specific name is not given in this single śloka.

What is the significance of mentioning Gaṅgā and Yamunā together here?

Gaṅgā and Yamunā are premier tīrtha-rivers; pairing them highlights a sacred confluence/association and frames the goddess as operating within a revered riverine sacred geography central to Purāṇic devotion and pilgrimage.

What spiritual idea is conveyed by the epithet “lokabhāvinī”?

“Lokabhāvinī” presents the goddess as one who nurtures, upholds, and brings welfare to the worlds, emphasizing divine beneficence expressed through sacred presence (especially via tīrthas).