Shloka 52

Karma, Non-Violence, Tīrtha & Gaṅgā Merit, Vaiṣṇava Protection, Śālagrāma Worship, and Ekādaśī as Deliverance

Devanagari script

नित्यं दानपरः सोऽत्र कथ्यते विबुधैरपि । यथायथा च पानीयं पिबंति प्राणिनो भृशम्

Transliteration

nityaṃ dānaparaḥ so'tra kathyate vibudhairapi | yathāyathā ca pānīyaṃ pibaṃti prāṇino bhṛśam

Translation

ณ ที่นี้ แม้บัณฑิตก็กล่าวว่าบุคคลนั้นเป็นผู้ตั้งมั่นในทานอยู่เสมอ เพราะเมื่อใดก็ตามที่สรรพชีวิตดื่มน้ำมากมายซ้ำแล้วซ้ำเล่า เมื่อนั้นทานของเขาย่อมดำรงอยู่ไม่ขาดสาย

Word by Word

• nityam: always
• nityam: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nityam (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (always)

• dāna-paraḥ: devoted to charity
• dāna-paraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dāna (प्रातिपदिक) + para (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (दाने परः = devoted to giving)

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; संकेतक सर्वनाम

• atra: here
• atra: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atra (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (here/in this context)

• kathyate: is said/called
• kathyate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kath (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• vibudhaiḥ: by the wise
• vibudhaiḥ: Kartṛ (कर्ता in passive; agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vibudha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• api: also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय/अपि-कारार्थक निपात (also/even)

• yathā-yathā: as and as (in whatever way/whenever)
• yathā-yathā: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; पुनरुक्त-अव्यय (correlative adverb: as...as / in whatever manner)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक (and)

• pānīyam: drinking water
• pānīyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pānīya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• pibanti: drink
• pibanti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √pā (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

• prāṇinaḥ: living beings
• prāṇinaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prāṇin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• bhṛśam: greatly, excessively
• bhṛśam: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: bhṛśam (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; परिमाण/तीव्रतावाचक क्रियाविशेषण (greatly/excessively)

Speaker

Unspecified (narratorial voice; verse occurs within a dialogue context in Svargakhaṇḍa, but the speaker is not identifiable from this single śloka alone).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: tirtha

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: so'tra → saḥ atra; vibudhairapi → vibudhaiḥ api; yathāyathā → yathā-yathā; pibaṃti → pibanti (anusvāra/orthographic variant).

FAQs

What kind of charity is implied in this verse?

The verse points to dāna centered on essential support—especially providing potable water—since beings repeatedly depend on water for life.

Why is the giver called “always devoted to charity”?

Because the need being addressed (thirst/water) is continual; serving that recurring need is framed as ongoing, constant charity.

What is the ethical lesson taught here?

Sustain life by giving what is most universally necessary; repeated, practical compassion (like offering water) is praised as true dāna.