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Shloka 14

Karma, Non-Violence, Tīrtha & Gaṅgā Merit, Vaiṣṇava Protection, Śālagrāma Worship, and Ekādaśī as Deliverance

तेन सख्यं वने तस्मिंस्तव जातं विशांवर । तत्संगेन त्वया स्नातं माघमासद्वयं तथा

tena sakhyaṃ vane tasmiṃstava jātaṃ viśāṃvara | tatsaṃgena tvayā snātaṃ māghamāsadvayaṃ tathā

โอ้ผู้ประเสริฐในหมู่มนุษย์ ในป่านั้นท่านได้เกิดมิตรภาพกับเขา และด้วยการคบหานั้น ท่านได้ประกอบวัตรอาบน้ำศักดิ์สิทธิ์ตลอดสองเดือนแห่งมาฆะ

तेनwith him / by him
तेन:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
सख्यम्friendship
सख्यम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसख्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
वनेin the forest
वने:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootवन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
तस्मिन्in that (place/time)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
तवof you / your
तव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन
जातम्arose / was born
जातम्:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicative verbal notion)
TypeVerb
Rootजन् (धातु) + जात (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकृदन्त (Past passive participle/क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सख्यम् इत्यस्य विधेय-विशेषणरूपेण
विशाम्-वरO best of men
विशाम्-वर:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootविश् (प्रातिपदिक) + वर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (विशाम् वरः)
तत्-सङ्गेनby that association
तत्-सङ्गेन:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् + सङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (तस्य सङ्गः)
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karta (कर्ता/Agent—of snātaṃ)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
स्नातम्bathed
स्नातम्:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Action)
TypeVerb
Rootस्ना (धातु) + स्नात (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकृदन्त (Past passive participle/क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगभावः (त्वया स्नातम् = you bathed)
माघ-मास-द्वयम्two Māgha months / a twofold Māgha period
माघ-मास-द्वयम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object—duration/extent)
TypeNoun
Rootमाघ + मास + द्वय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (माघस्य मासः) + द्वयम् (two)
तथाthus / likewise
तथा:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverb)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकारवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of manner)

Unspecified (context required to identify the dialogue pair)

Concept: Satsaṅga leads to vrata-like discipline; Māgha snāna performed consistently becomes a powerful purifier even for those not naturally inclined to merit.

Application: Choose uplifting friendships; adopt a simple seasonal discipline (early bath, japa, charity) especially in sacred months; consistency over intensity.

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Type: forest

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"In the crisp chill of Māgha, mist rises from the Yamunā as two friends descend the sandy steps at dawn, carrying simple water pots and wearing modest cloth. The brāhmaṇa guide gestures toward the river while the Vaiśya follows with newfound reverence; nearby, the forest is quiet, with pale sunlight filtering through bare branches and distant temple bells faintly heard.","primary_figures":["Vaiśya (the beneficiary of merit)","Sumitra (brāhmaṇa friend)"],"setting":"Yamunā riverbank at winter dawn; forest edge with footprints in sand, small āśrama silhouette behind.","lighting_mood":"golden dawn","color_palette":["mist white","pale gold","river teal","saffron cloth","smoky blue"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: dawn Māgha snāna on Yamunā—Sumitra leading the Vaiśya into the water, both with tilaka and simple garments; gold-leaf sunrise and halo-like radiance around the river, ornate border with lotus and conch motifs, rich reds/greens accenting ritual vessels.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: delicate winter mist over Yamunā, two figures at the ghāṭa with gentle gestures; cool blues and teals with warm sunrise wash, fine ripples, lyrical trees and a small hermitage in the background.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: stylized river with bold outlines, sunrise disk, two figures in simplified poses performing snāna; warm yellow-red sky, green foliage bands, strong black contouring, temple-wall symmetry.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: Yamunā as a decorative horizontal band filled with lotuses; central scene of Māgha snāna framed by floral borders, peacocks and cows at corners; deep blue background with gold highlights, subtle Vaiṣṇava symbols (śaṅkha-cakra) in the border."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"devotional","suggested_raga":"Durga","pace":"slow-meditative","voice_tone":"reverent-soft","sound_elements":["flowing water","dawn birds","soft temple bells","conch shell (distant)"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: तस्मिंस्तव→तस्मिन् तव; तत्संगेन→तत्-सङ्गेन; माघमासद्वयं→माघ-मास-द्वयम्

FAQs

It highlights the transformative power of association (saṅga): companionship with a spiritually significant person leads to disciplined observance, here expressed as sustained Māgha-month bathing.

Māgha is widely praised as a month for vows (vrata) and sacred bathing (snāna), believed to support purification and religious merit, especially when performed consistently.

Choose companions wisely: good friendship and uplifting company can naturally draw a person into sustained virtuous practice.