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Shloka 12

Narmadā

Revā) Tīrtha Greatness: The Gandharva Maidens’ Curse Narrative (Acchodā Episode Begins

कुमार्यः पंच सर्वास्ता वयसा सुभगाः पुनः । भाषंते च मिथस्तास्तु भगिन्य इव सर्वदा

kumāryaḥ paṃca sarvāstā vayasā subhagāḥ punaḥ | bhāṣaṃte ca mithastāstu bhaginya iva sarvadā

กุมารีทั้งห้านั้นล้วนเยาว์วัยและงามนัก; และมักสนทนากันเสมอประหนึ่งพี่น้องสตรี.

कुमार्यःmaidens / young girls
कुमार्यः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootकुमारी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), बहुवचन (Plural)
पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/Qualifier of कुमार्यः)
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्च (संख्या-अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
Formसंख्यावाचक (numeral), अव्ययवत् प्रयोग (indeclinable numeral used adjectivally)
सर्वाःall
सर्वाः:
विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/Qualifier of कुमार्यः)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), बहुवचन (Plural)
ताःthey / those
ताः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject) (resumptive pronoun for कुमार्यः)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), बहुवचन (Plural)
वयसाby age / in age
वयसा:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument) (instrumental of respect: 'in age/by age')
TypeNoun
Rootवयस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental, 3rd), एकवचन (Singular)
सुभगाःbeautiful / fortunate
सुभगाः:
विधेय-विशेषण (Predicate adjective of ताः/कुमार्यः)
TypeAdjective
Rootसुभग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), बहुवचन (Plural)
पुनःagain / moreover
पुनः:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (Indeclinable), क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: 'again/also')
भाषन्तेthey speak
भाषन्ते:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootभाष् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural), आत्मनेपद (Atmanepada)
and
:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (Indeclinable), समुच्चय (conjunction)
मिथःmutually / with each other
मिथः:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमिथः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (Indeclinable), परस्परार्थक क्रियाविशेषण (reciprocal adverb: 'mutually')
ताःthey
ताः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject) (repeated for emphasis)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), बहुवचन (Plural)
तुindeed
तु:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (Indeclinable), निपात (particle), विशेषार्थ (emphasis)
भगिन्यःsisters
भगिन्यः:
उपमेय (Upameya/Thing compared) (in 'as sisters')
TypeNoun
Rootभगिनी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), बहुवचन (Plural)
इवlike
इव:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Simile marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (Indeclinable), उपमा-वाचक (simile marker)
सर्वदाalways
सर्वदा:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वदा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (Indeclinable), कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (temporal adverb: 'always')

Narrator (contextual speaker not specified in the given excerpt)

Primary Rasa: shringara

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Type: celestial_realm

Sandhi Resolution Notes: सर्वास्ता → सर्वाः ताः; मिथस्तास्तु → मिथः ताः तु.

FAQs

This single verse only describes them as five youthful, lovely maidens who converse affectionately like sisters; their specific identities require the surrounding verses of Adhyāya 22.

It highlights intimacy, trust, and constant companionship—suggesting their relationship is harmonious and familial rather than formal or distant.

Indirectly, it models concord and affectionate speech within a group; any explicit dharmic or bhakti teaching would come from the broader narrative context of the chapter.