Shloka 5

Brahmin Right Conduct: Morning Remembrance, Bathing, Purification, and Tarpaṇa Method

Devanagari script

शङ्करं च शिवं शंभुमीश्वरं च महेश्वरम् । गणेशं च तथा स्कन्दं गौरीं भागीरथीं शिवाम्

Transliteration

śaṅkaraṃ ca śivaṃ śaṃbhumīśvaraṃ ca maheśvaram | gaṇeśaṃ ca tathā skandaṃ gaurīṃ bhāgīrathīṃ śivām

Translation

ข้าขอนอบน้อมแด่ศังกร—พระศิวะ พระศัมภู พระอีศวร และพระมหีศวร; อีกทั้งพระคเณศและพระสกันทะ; แด่พระคุรี; และแด่ภาคีรถีคงคา ผู้เป็นมงคล (ศิวา)

Word by Word

• शङ्करम्: Śaṅkara
• शङ्करम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शङ्कर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Avyaya (Conjunction/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक निपात (conjunction)

• शिवम्: Śiva
• शिवम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• शम्भुम्: Śambhu
• शम्भुम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शम्भु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ईश्वरम्: Īśvara (Lord)
• ईश्वरम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Avyaya (Conjunction/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक निपात (conjunction)

• महेश्वरम्: Maheśvara (Great Lord)
• महेश्वरम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (महान् ईश्वरः)

• गणेशम्: Gaṇeśa
• गणेशम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गण (प्रातिपदिक) + ईश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (गणानां ईशः)

• च: and
• च: Avyaya (Conjunction/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक निपात (conjunction)

• तथा: and also/likewise
• तथा: Avyaya (Conjunctive adverb/अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चय/प्रकारवाचक

• स्कन्दम्: Skanda
• स्कन्दम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्कन्द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• गौरीम्: Gaurī
• गौरीम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गौरी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• भागीरथीम्: Bhāgīrathī (Gaṅgā)
• भागीरथीम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भागीरथी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• शिवाम्: auspicious
• शिवाम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शिवा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (गौरी/भागीरथी-विशेषण)

Speaker

Unspecified (a devotional invocation within the narrative)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

Geographic Context

Type: river

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: शंभुमीश्वरं = शम्भुम् + ईश्वरम् (म् + ई → मी); list continues as objects of implied स्मरेत् from 49.2.

Characters & Entities

• Śaṅkara (Śiva)
• Śambhu
• Īśvara
• Maheśvara
• Gaṇeśa
• Skanda (Kārttikeya)
• Gaurī (Pārvatī)
• Bhāgīrathī (Gaṅgā)

FAQs

Why are multiple names of Śiva used in a single verse?

The verse strings together key epithets—Śaṅkara, Śiva, Śambhu, Īśvara, Maheśvara—to praise the same supreme deity through different theological and devotional aspects (auspiciousness, benevolence, lordship, greatness).

Who are Gaṇeśa and Skanda in relation to Śiva and Gaurī?

Gaṇeśa and Skanda (Kārttikeya) are traditionally revered as the sons of Śiva and Gaurī (Pārvatī), and the verse honors the divine family together.

Why is Bhāgīrathī (Gaṅgā) mentioned alongside Śiva?

Bhāgīrathī is the sacred Gaṅgā, closely associated with Śiva in Purāṇic tradition (as the river borne and released by him), and is praised here as “Śivā,” the auspicious goddess/river.