Shloka 18

Mārkaṇḍeya’s Birth and Boon; Puṣkara’s Glory; Rāma’s Śrāddha; Refuge-Hymn to Śiva

Devanagari script

ततस्त ऋषयो राजन्सर्वं तस्मै न्यवेदयन् । पुत्रो मृकंडोः क्षीणायुः सायुषं कुरु बालकम्

Transliteration

tatasta ṛṣayo rājansarvaṃ tasmai nyavedayan | putro mṛkaṃḍoḥ kṣīṇāyuḥ sāyuṣaṃ kuru bālakam

Translation

แล้วเหล่าฤๅษีทูลรายงานทุกประการแก่พระองค์ว่า “ข้าแต่พระราชา บุตรของมฤกัณฑุมีอายุสั้น ขอทรงโปรดให้เด็กผู้นี้มีอายุยืนเถิด”

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: Kriya-visheshaṇa (Adverb/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय; तद्-तसिल्)
• Form: अव्यय, क्रमसूचक (then)

• ते: they
• ते: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (Nom plural)

• ऋषयः: sages
• ऋषयः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (Nom plural)

• राजन्: O king
• राजन्: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Vocative singular)

• सर्वम्: everything
• सर्वम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Acc singular)

• तस्मै: to him
• तस्मै: Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Dative singular)

• न्यवेदयन्: informed
• न्यवेदयन्: Kriya (Main action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि√विद् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद (they informed)

• पुत्रः: son
• पुत्रः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Nom singular)

• मृकण्डोः: of Mṛkaṇḍu
• मृकण्डोः: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मृकण्डु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Genitive singular)

• क्षीणायुः: short-lived
• क्षीणायुः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्षीण + आयुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘क्षीणम् आयुः यस्य’ (short-lived)

• सायुषम्: long-lived / with full lifespan
• सायुषम्: Karma (Object complement/कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + आयुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘आयुषा सह/युक्तम्’ (endowed with lifespan)

• कुरु: make
• कुरु: Kriya (Command/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद (do/make)

• बालकम्: the boy
• बालकम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बालक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Acc singular)

Speaker

Narrator (contextual address to a King); the sages are the immediate speakers conveying a request

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: ततस्त = ततः ते; राजन्सर्वम् = राजन् सर्वम्; न्यवेदयन् = नि-अवेदयन् (उपसर्ग-संयोग); क्षीणायुः/सायुषम् = समास (कर्मधारय)

Characters & Entities

• Mṛkaṇḍu
• Ṛṣis (sages)
• King (rājan)

FAQs

What situation is described in this verse?

The sages inform a king (or a principal listener addressed as “O King”) that Mṛkaṇḍu’s son is destined to be short-lived and ask that the child be made long-lived.

How does this verse connect to common Purāṇic themes?

It reflects the Purāṇic motif of destiny (limited lifespan) being met with spiritual intervention—sages seeking a boon or divine remedy to transform a life’s allotted span.

What is the ethical or devotional lesson implied here?

Compassionate concern for others and reliance on higher spiritual authority are emphasized: the sages advocate for the child’s welfare and seek a righteous means to avert suffering.